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Chinese Physics Letters

Frequency-Shift of a Frequency Stabilized Laser Based on Zeeman Effect

Wei Rong, Jianliao Deng, Qian Yong, Zhang Yu, Yuzhu Wang

Published Sep 24, 2003• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce a new method of frequency-shifting for a diode laser in laser cooling experiments, the method is based on the Zeeman effect of 87 Rb atoms. The laser frequency is stabilized by absorption spectrum line of atoms in magnetic field. We show that a magnetic field can be added up to 10 -2 T. The corresponding frequency shift is 10 2 MHz and the response time is about 1 ms. The large range of the frequency shift is sufficient for laser-cooling experiments.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/20/10/317

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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations
We introduce a new method of frequency-shifting for a diode laser in laser cooling experiments, the method is based on the Zeeman effect of 87 Rb atoms. The laser frequency is stabilized by absorption spectrum line of atoms in magnetic field. We show that a magnetic field can be added up to 10 -2 T. The corresponding frequency shift is 10 2 MHz and the response time is about 1 ms. The large range of the frequency shift is sufficient for laser-cooling experiments.
Zeeman split takes place for the hyperfine level structure of neutral atoms where magnetic field exists. In addition, being excited by right circularly polarized light and left circularly polarized light, atoms obey different transition rules. So, the absorption peak between the hyperfine Zeeman level shifts with respect to the absorption peak without magnetic field. Accordingly, the authors demonstrated a kind of simple and flexible method to stabilize the frequency of diode laser. The linewidth of diode laser was reduced to less than 1 MHz using this method. Through analyzing the experiment results, the authors found that when the sum of both shifts of the hyperfine level of atoms excited by right circularly polarized light and left circularly polarized light was equal to the FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum) of the saturated absorption peak, the laser frequency was stabilized best.
We demonstrate a robust method of stabilizing a diode laser frequency to an atomic transition. This technique employs the Zeeman shift to generate an antisymmetric signal about a Doppler-broadened atomic resonance, and therefore offers a large recapture range as well as high stability. The frequency of a 780-nm diode laser, stabilized to such a signal in Rb, drifted less than 0.5 MHz peak-peak (1 part in 10(9)) in 38 h. This tunable frequency lock can be constructed inexpensively, requires little laser power, rarely loses lock, and can be extended to other wavelengths by use of different atomic species.
We observed saturated absorption spectra of the 87Rb atom under a magnetic field of several millitesla with a diode laser oscillating at 780 nm. The spectra were compared with the theoretical ones obtained on the basis of Nakayama's four-level model. We numerically computed Zeeman splittings of the 52 P 3/2 excited state of the atom. As the magnetic field increased to 5 mT, the absorption peak of the F=2→F'=3 transition shifted almost linearly up to about 62 MHz. The shift direction was reversed by changing the polarization combination of the pump and probe lasers. The measured frequency stability, when the laser was locked at the absorption peak, was better than σy(τ)= 1 ×10-11τ-1/2 for the sampling time of 0.01 s≤τ≤10 s.
In this paper, a simple setup of laser cooling and trapping of Rb atom is presented. By using the technique of injection locking, we have gained the cooling and trapping laser whose wavelength is 780 nm (single frequency, frequency fluctuation 2 MHz , tunable range～4.5 GHz), and output power is about 60 mW. With applying a magnetic field to the saturated absorption spectrum, the trapping laser frequency which is detuned a desired amount via Zeeman effect is locked. The cooling and trapping of Rb atom is obtained in the MOT.