Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Terahertz spectroscopy with a Josephson oscillator and a SINIS bolometer

Michael A. Tarasov, L. S. Kuzmin, Е. А. Степанцов, Ian Jasper Agulo, Alexei Kalabukhov, Mikhail Yu. Fominskii, Z. G. Ivanov, T. Claeson

Published Mar 1, 2004• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The voltage response of a thin-film normal-metal hot-electron bolometer based on a SINIS (superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor) structure to the radiation of a high-temperature Josephson junction in the terahertz frequency region was measured. Bolometers were integrated with planar log-periodic and double-dipole antennas, and Josephson junctions were integrated with log-periodic antennas. Measurements showed that the Josephson junction at a temperature of 260 mK was overheated by the transport current, so that its electron temperature exceeded 3 K at a bias voltage of 1 mV. The maximum response of a bolometer with a double-dipole antenna was observed at a frequency of 300 GHz, which agreed well with the calculated value. The Josephson radiation was observed at frequencies up to 1.7 THz. The voltage response of a bolometer reached 4×10 8 V/W, and the total noise-equivalent power reached 1.5×10 −17 W/Hz 1/2 .

DOI
10.1134/1.1759413

Related papers

Terahertz spectroscopy by Josephson oscillator and cold-electron bolometer

Michael A. Tarasov, L. S. Kuzmin, T. Claeson +2 more

For sensitive wideband spectroscopy at THz frequencies with performance better than for Fourier Transform Spectrometer, one needs a wide-range electrically tunable, narrow linewidth THz source, and a sensitive broadband detector. To obtain a low noise level of sensor we use a superconducting normal metal cold electron bolometer (CEB). A voltage response of the bolometer is 4.108 V/W and an amplifier-limited technical noise equivalent power of the bolometer is 1.25.10-17 W/Hz1/2. The wide band electrically tuned terahertz band cryogenic oscillator is a Josephson junction. Contrary to conventional Josephson junctions based on niobium, and naturally limited in frequency by energy gap of about 700 GHz, the high critical temperature YBaCuO junctions can extend this limit by an order of magnitude. At 4 K such oscillators can radiate at frequencies exceeding 2 THz. Signals received by bolometers integrated with double-dipole and log-periodic antennas and irradiated by the Josephson oscillator show in our experiments the high frequency response corresponding to an oscillation frequency of up to 1.75 THz. Such cryogenic terahertz network analyzer is suitable for low-signal spectral evaluation of cryogenic detectors, quasioptical sub-mm cryogenic filters, planar antennas with planar microwave filters, integrated structures comprising such elements, and arrays of cryogenic receivers.

•Jan 1, 2004•0 citations

Terahertz transmission spectroscopy by Josephson oscillator and cold-electron bolometer

Michael A. Tarasov, L. S. Kuzmin, Evgueni Stepantsov +4 more

For sensitive wideband spectroscopy at TeraHertz frequencies one needs a wide-range electrically tunable THz source and a sensitive detector. In this paper a superconducting normal metal cold electron bolometer (CEB) was used as a broadband sensor. Bolometers were integrated with broadband log-periodic antenna designed for 0.2-2 THz frequency range and double-dipole antennas designed for 300 and 600 GHz central frequency. A Josephson junction was used as a wide band electrically tuned terahertz cryogenic oscillator. Bicrystal YBaCuO Josephson junctions demonstrated a characteristic voltage IcRn of over 4 mV that corresponds to characteristic frequency about 2 THz. The bolometer chip is attached to a Si substrate lens at 260 mK and the oscillator chip is attached to the sapphire substrate lens at 1.8 K, with lenses facing each other at the distance of few centimeters. High signal was measured in the whole frequency range up to 1.7 THz by simple changing the bias voltage of Josephson junction from zero to 3.5 mV. A voltage response of the bolometer up to 4*108 V/W corresponds to an amplifier-limited technical noise equivalent power of the bolometer NEP=1.25*10-17 W/Hz1/2. Combining a Terahertz band Josephson junction, a high-sensitive hot electron bolometer, and a sample under test in between, makes it possible to develop a cryogenic compact Terahertz-band transmission spectrometer with a resolution below 1 GHz corresponding to the linewidth of Josephson oscillations. For frequencies below 600 GHz a conventional Nb shunted SIS junction can be used as Josephson oscillator.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Dec 8, 2004•3 citations

THz Spectrometer Based on a Josephson Oscillator and a Cold-Electron Bolometer

Michael A. Tarasov, L. S. Kuzmin, Е. А. Степанцов +3 more

We have demonstrated a low temperature spectrometer operating in a wide range of frequencies from 100 GHz to 1.8 THz. The spectrometer has utilized unique properties of high-T c superconducting Josephson junctions and wideband response of sensitive Cold-Electron 13olometers (CEB). The voltage response of the CEB integrated with log-periodic and double-dipole antennas, has been measured using an oscillator consisting of high-T c Josephson junction integrated on separate substrate with a log-periodic antenna. The response of the bolometer with a double dipole antenna has resonance shape with maximum corresponding to the designed central frequency of 300 GHz. A voltage response of the bolometer up to 4 . 10 V/W corresponds to a technical noise equivalent power of the bolometer of 1.2 . 10 W/HZ 112 including bolometer and amplifier sources of noise. A high-T c Josephson junction operated at temperatures below 2 K shows advantages of high I cRii product that enhances the oscillation frequency to over 1.8 THz. The resolution of the spectrometer is determined by the linewidth of Josephson oscillations and for this temperature is of the order of 1 GHz.

Softwaretechnik-Trends•Jan 1, 2004•0 citations

Concept of a mixer based on a cold-electron bolometer

Michael A. Tarasov, L. S. Kuzmin

A phase-sensitive terahertz heterodyne mixer of a new type based on a cold-electron bolometer is proposed. In this mixer, a normal-metal thin-film absorber is connected to a planar antenna via superconductor-insulator-normal metal (SIN) tunnel junctions, thus forming a SINIS structure. The SINIS mixer combines the advantages of a hot-electron bolometer (HEB), such as a high signal frequency at a small local oscillator power, with the advantages of an SIS mixer, including low noise level, a high intermediate frequency, and wide working temperature range (up to a critical temperature of the superconductor). In contrast to the HEB and SIS mixers, the proposed device is less sensitive to external magnetic noise and exhibits no additional noise related to the superconducting transition and the Josephson effect.

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters•May 1, 2005•7 citations

SINIS bolometer with a suspended absorber

Michael A. Tarasov, Valeryan S. Edel'man, Sumedh Mahashabde +6 more

We have developed a Superconductor-Insulator-Normal Metal-Insulator-Superconductor (SINIS) bolometer with a suspended normal metal bridge. The suspended bridge acts as a bolometric absorber with reduced heat losses to the substrate. Such bolometers were characterized at 100-350 mK bath temperatures and electrical responsivity of over 10 9 V/W was measured by dc heating the absorber through additional contacts. Suspended bolometers were also integrated in planar twin-slot and log-periodic antennas for operation in the submillimetre-band of radiation. The measured voltage response to radiation at 300 GHz and at 100 mK bath temperature is 3*10 8 V/W and a current response is 1.1*10 4 A/W which corresponds to a quantum efficiency of ~15 electrons per photon. An important feature of such suspended bolometers is the thermalization of electrons in the absorber heated by optical radiation, which in turn provides better quantum efficiency. This has been confirmed by comparison of bolometric response to dc and rf heating. We investigate the performance of direct SN traps and NIS traps with a tunnel barrier between the superconductor and normal metal trap. Increasing the volume of superconducting electrode helps to reduce overheating of superconductor. Influence of Andreev reflection and Kapitza resistance, as well as electron-phonon heat conductivity and thermal conductivity of N-wiring are estimated for such SINIS devices.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Mar 1, 2018•2 citations

Characterization of 40 GHz and 762 GHz sources with superconducting Josephson cantilevers in a THz microscope

Marco Tollkühn, Ilya Elenskiy, Benedikt Hampel +1 more

Josephson cantilevers, based on high temperature superconducting Josephson junctions, are versatile detectors for the measurement of frequency and power of microwave and terahertz radiation. A Josephson cantilever consists of at least one Josephson junction, which is equipped with an antenna structure for better coupling. The Josephson junctions, made from the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7, are deployed on LaAIO3or MgO bicrystal substrates. Four feedlines are used to carry out four-terminal sensing. The THz microscope was developed, to allow three dimensional measurements [1]. In this measurement setup, the Josephson cantilever is mounted on a 15 × 15 × 15 mm3positioning system inside a vacuum chamber. The Josephson cantilever is cooled by a cryocooler that allows operating temperatures down to 30 K. A triangular current is injected into the junction and the current-voltage characteristic is recorded at each spatial point. The frequency and the power of the external radiation can be determined from the recorded data by evaluating the occurring Shapiro steps using Hilbert spectroscopy [2]. When the Josephson cantilever is irradiated with more than one frequency at a time, it behaves as a frequency mixer, due to its nonlinear current-voltage characteristic. In this work, we investigated the mixing of 40 GHz and 762 GHz signals with the THz microscope.

IEEE International Superconductive Electronics Conference (ISEC)•Jul 1, 2019•0 citations
The voltage response of a thin-film normal-metal hot-electron bolometer based on a SINIS (superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor) structure to the radiation of a high-temperature Josephson junction in the terahertz frequency region was measured. Bolometers were integrated with planar log-periodic and double-dipole antennas, and Josephson junctions were integrated with log-periodic antennas. Measurements showed that the Josephson junction at a temperature of 260 mK was overheated by the transport current, so that its electron temperature exceeded 3 K at a bias voltage of 1 mV. The maximum response of a bolometer with a double-dipole antenna was observed at a frequency of 300 GHz, which agreed well with the calculated value. The Josephson radiation was observed at frequencies up to 1.7 THz. The voltage response of a bolometer reached 4×10 8 V/W, and the total noise-equivalent power reached 1.5×10 −17 W/Hz 1/2 .
For sensitive wideband spectroscopy at THz frequencies with performance better than for Fourier Transform Spectrometer, one needs a wide-range electrically tunable, narrow linewidth THz source, and a sensitive broadband detector. To obtain a low noise level of sensor we use a superconducting normal metal cold electron bolometer (CEB). A voltage response of the bolometer is 4.108 V/W and an amplifier-limited technical noise equivalent power of the bolometer is 1.25.10-17 W/Hz1/2. The wide band electrically tuned terahertz band cryogenic oscillator is a Josephson junction. Contrary to conventional Josephson junctions based on niobium, and naturally limited in frequency by energy gap of about 700 GHz, the high critical temperature YBaCuO junctions can extend this limit by an order of magnitude. At 4 K such oscillators can radiate at frequencies exceeding 2 THz. Signals received by bolometers integrated with double-dipole and log-periodic antennas and irradiated by the Josephson oscillator show in our experiments the high frequency response corresponding to an oscillation frequency of up to 1.75 THz. Such cryogenic terahertz network analyzer is suitable for low-signal spectral evaluation of cryogenic detectors, quasioptical sub-mm cryogenic filters, planar antennas with planar microwave filters, integrated structures comprising such elements, and arrays of cryogenic receivers.
For sensitive wideband spectroscopy at TeraHertz frequencies one needs a wide-range electrically tunable THz source and a sensitive detector. In this paper a superconducting normal metal cold electron bolometer (CEB) was used as a broadband sensor. Bolometers were integrated with broadband log-periodic antenna designed for 0.2-2 THz frequency range and double-dipole antennas designed for 300 and 600 GHz central frequency. A Josephson junction was used as a wide band electrically tuned terahertz cryogenic oscillator. Bicrystal YBaCuO Josephson junctions demonstrated a characteristic voltage IcRn of over 4 mV that corresponds to characteristic frequency about 2 THz. The bolometer chip is attached to a Si substrate lens at 260 mK and the oscillator chip is attached to the sapphire substrate lens at 1.8 K, with lenses facing each other at the distance of few centimeters. High signal was measured in the whole frequency range up to 1.7 THz by simple changing the bias voltage of Josephson junction from zero to 3.5 mV. A voltage response of the bolometer up to 4*108 V/W corresponds to an amplifier-limited technical noise equivalent power of the bolometer NEP=1.25*10-17 W/Hz1/2. Combining a Terahertz band Josephson junction, a high-sensitive hot electron bolometer, and a sample under test in between, makes it possible to develop a cryogenic compact Terahertz-band transmission spectrometer with a resolution below 1 GHz corresponding to the linewidth of Josephson oscillations. For frequencies below 600 GHz a conventional Nb shunted SIS junction can be used as Josephson oscillator.
We have demonstrated a low temperature spectrometer operating in a wide range of frequencies from 100 GHz to 1.8 THz. The spectrometer has utilized unique properties of high-T c superconducting Josephson junctions and wideband response of sensitive Cold-Electron 13olometers (CEB). The voltage response of the CEB integrated with log-periodic and double-dipole antennas, has been measured using an oscillator consisting of high-T c Josephson junction integrated on separate substrate with a log-periodic antenna. The response of the bolometer with a double dipole antenna has resonance shape with maximum corresponding to the designed central frequency of 300 GHz. A voltage response of the bolometer up to 4 . 10 V/W corresponds to a technical noise equivalent power of the bolometer of 1.2 . 10 W/HZ 112 including bolometer and amplifier sources of noise. A high-T c Josephson junction operated at temperatures below 2 K shows advantages of high I cRii product that enhances the oscillation frequency to over 1.8 THz. The resolution of the spectrometer is determined by the linewidth of Josephson oscillations and for this temperature is of the order of 1 GHz.
A phase-sensitive terahertz heterodyne mixer of a new type based on a cold-electron bolometer is proposed. In this mixer, a normal-metal thin-film absorber is connected to a planar antenna via superconductor-insulator-normal metal (SIN) tunnel junctions, thus forming a SINIS structure. The SINIS mixer combines the advantages of a hot-electron bolometer (HEB), such as a high signal frequency at a small local oscillator power, with the advantages of an SIS mixer, including low noise level, a high intermediate frequency, and wide working temperature range (up to a critical temperature of the superconductor). In contrast to the HEB and SIS mixers, the proposed device is less sensitive to external magnetic noise and exhibits no additional noise related to the superconducting transition and the Josephson effect.
We have developed a Superconductor-Insulator-Normal Metal-Insulator-Superconductor (SINIS) bolometer with a suspended normal metal bridge. The suspended bridge acts as a bolometric absorber with reduced heat losses to the substrate. Such bolometers were characterized at 100-350 mK bath temperatures and electrical responsivity of over 10 9 V/W was measured by dc heating the absorber through additional contacts. Suspended bolometers were also integrated in planar twin-slot and log-periodic antennas for operation in the submillimetre-band of radiation. The measured voltage response to radiation at 300 GHz and at 100 mK bath temperature is 3*10 8 V/W and a current response is 1.1*10 4 A/W which corresponds to a quantum efficiency of ~15 electrons per photon. An important feature of such suspended bolometers is the thermalization of electrons in the absorber heated by optical radiation, which in turn provides better quantum efficiency. This has been confirmed by comparison of bolometric response to dc and rf heating. We investigate the performance of direct SN traps and NIS traps with a tunnel barrier between the superconductor and normal metal trap. Increasing the volume of superconducting electrode helps to reduce overheating of superconductor. Influence of Andreev reflection and Kapitza resistance, as well as electron-phonon heat conductivity and thermal conductivity of N-wiring are estimated for such SINIS devices.
Josephson cantilevers, based on high temperature superconducting Josephson junctions, are versatile detectors for the measurement of frequency and power of microwave and terahertz radiation. A Josephson cantilever consists of at least one Josephson junction, which is equipped with an antenna structure for better coupling. The Josephson junctions, made from the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7, are deployed on LaAIO3or MgO bicrystal substrates. Four feedlines are used to carry out four-terminal sensing. The THz microscope was developed, to allow three dimensional measurements [1]. In this measurement setup, the Josephson cantilever is mounted on a 15 × 15 × 15 mm3positioning system inside a vacuum chamber. The Josephson cantilever is cooled by a cryocooler that allows operating temperatures down to 30 K. A triangular current is injected into the junction and the current-voltage characteristic is recorded at each spatial point. The frequency and the power of the external radiation can be determined from the recorded data by evaluating the occurring Shapiro steps using Hilbert spectroscopy [2]. When the Josephson cantilever is irradiated with more than one frequency at a time, it behaves as a frequency mixer, due to its nonlinear current-voltage characteristic. In this work, we investigated the mixing of 40 GHz and 762 GHz signals with the THz microscope.