Generation of macroscopic superpositions in a two-photon micromaser
Pierre Meystre, Martin Wilkens
We study the dynamics of a two-photon micromaser driven by a sequence of polarized Rydberg atoms. If cavity losses are neglected, the density matrix of the cavity mode consists of four dynamically decoupled components. Under appropriate trapping conditions, similar to those for the one-photon micromaser, it evolves to a stationary state. When the bare two-photon frequency cancels the ac Stark shift we cannot satisfy the trapping conditions for odd and even photon number states simultaneously. For specific initial conditions, where either only odd or only even number states are initially populated, we may find, however, stationary states that are pure and that can lead to macroscopic superpositions. These pure states are analogous to the cotangent and tangent states of the one-photon micromaser. When the two atomic levels are in resonance with the bare two-photon transition, trapping conditions for odd and even photon number states can be fulfilled simultaneously. Although the ac Stark shift does not allow for pure stationary states, the stationary state resembles an incoherent superposition of only two pure states, to within a relative deviation of 10-3 off purity.
Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1990•0 citations