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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Bistability of optical response of an ultra thin layer consisting of two-level atoms: account of the local field

E. V. Shuval-Sergeeva, А. И. Зайцев

Published Mar 3, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

When describing the phenomenon of bistability of optical response of an ultra thin layer consisting of two-level atoms it is important to take into account the local field correction. The account of the correction results in the improvement of existence conditions of bistability. One more bistable region is formed starting with certain value of local field parameter. Both effects are induced by the dynamical frequency shift.

DOI
10.1117/12.801681

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When describing the phenomenon of bistability of optical response of an ultra thin layer consisting of two-level atoms it is important to take into account the local field correction. The account of the correction results in the improvement of existence conditions of bistability. One more bistable region is formed starting with certain value of local field parameter. Both effects are induced by the dynamical frequency shift.
We investigate the problem of resonant re flection and transmission of an ultrashort light pulse passing through a medium consisting of two-level atoms. We show that for a thin layer it is important to take into account the difference between the external macroscopic field and the field acting on the individual atoms within the medium. The local field correction leads to an inversion dependent resonant frequency. In thin layers this generates a new mechanism of nonlinear transparency induced by the dynamical frequency shift. When the excitation frequency is larger than the original resonant frequency, then the transmission of the layer exhibits bistable behavior.
We investigate the problem of resonant reflection and transmission of an ultrashort light pulse passing through a thin layer consisting of two-level atoms. The local-field correction that leads to an inversion-dependent resonance frequency generates a new mechanism of nonlinear transparency. When the excitation frequency is somewhat larger than the original resonant frequency, then the transmission of the layer exhibits a transient bistable behavior on the time scale of superradiation, which can be much shorter than the relaxation times. This type of bistability is essentially different from the ordinary stationary intrinsic bistability investigated earlier by other authors.
The field acting on the atoms in a medium is different from the averaged macroscopic field. The problem of the effective local field caused by dipole–dipole interaction has been discussed several times since Lorentz. In describing the nonlinear optical properties of optically thin resonant layers, it is of principal importance to take into consideration the dipole–dipole interaction of the atoms. These effects manifest themselves when certain relations between the parameters of the atomic system and the incident field are fulfilled. The presence of the excitonic lines shows that the dipole–dipole interaction is larger than the homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadenings. This gives reason to hope that the required inequalities are satisfied in such systems. The chapter considers boundary value problem and a linearly polarized plane wave, with amplitude slowly varying during one optical period, falls perpendicularly onto the surface of a plane-parallel, optically thin, resonant layer consisting of two-level atoms.
We discuss the possibility of optical bistability in a monolayer of two-level atoms physically adsorbed on to a flat metallic surface. Taking into account the feedback mechanism and the local field correction we find the necessary and sufficient conditions for the onset of bistability, we also obtain the resonance-fluorescence spectrum and the rate of absorption from a probe field by an atom of the monolayer. Finally we give a possible explanation in terms of cooperative interaction for the large decay rate found experimentally in monolayers of low excited physically adsorbed atoms.