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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Self-induced change in the polarization of high-power resonant radiation in an LiF:F2-crystal

Nikolai N Il'ichev, А. V. Kiryanov, A A Malyutin

Published Aug 31, 1991• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A two-level model of absorbing centers is used to make a theoretical analysis of the propagation of cw high-power resonant radiation in an LiF: crystal. It is shown that saturation of the absorption is accompanied by a self-induced change in the polarization of the radiation that depends on the wave intensity and on the orientation of its electric vector relative to the crystallographic axes of the crystal.

DOI
10.1070/qe1991v021n08abeh003969

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A two-level model of absorbing centers is used to make a theoretical analysis of the propagation of cw high-power resonant radiation in an LiF: crystal. It is shown that saturation of the absorption is accompanied by a self-induced change in the polarization of the radiation that depends on the wave intensity and on the orientation of its electric vector relative to the crystallographic axes of the crystal.
An investigation was made of the polarisation characteristics of the nonlinear absorption of λ = 1.055 μm radiation in a V 3+ : YAG crystal at the saturation stage. The duration of a pulse propagating in the crystal was considerably less than the lifetime of an excited state of the V 3+ impurity centres. A comparison of the experimental results with those of a theoretical calculation showed that the best description was provided by a phenomenological model in which resonant absorption in a crystal is attributed to three linear dipoles oriented along the main crystallographic axes of YAG.
A spatially periodic distribution of the luminescence intensity of F2 and F 3 + color centers is observed in LiF crystals with induced anisotropy. The period of spatially periodic modulation of the luminescence intensity generally coincides with the period of the change in the polarization state of excitation light. For F2 centers, the experimental axial spatially periodic dependence of the luminescence intensity is close to the calculated dependence obtained in the description of the absorption and radiative transitions in the centers by linear oscillators oriented along six C 2 axes of the cubic crystal. However, for F 3 + centers, the same experiment shows a spatially periodic distribution of luminescence intensity with a modulation period shorter by a factor of 2. It is shown that this effect of modulation frequency doubling in the spatially periodic pattern of the luminescence of color centers arises due to the nonlinear dependence of the luminescence intensity on the excitation light intensity. For F 3 + centers, upon luminescence excitation in the absorption band with λmax = 452 nm, the modulation frequency doubling is due to the saturation of the metastable triplet state of such a center.
We studied both experimentally and theoretically the transmission and polarization characteristics of a Cr4+ : YAG saturable absorber crystal as a function of the intensity and polarization state of an incident laser beam. We found that a birefringent absorption behaviour is induced and we show that the experimental results are well described by a full numerical model which includes excited-state absorption as well as a ground-state cross-absorption term. By using pump-probe measurements we show that a finite cross-saturation of the absorption is achieved along the crystal axes orthogonal to the polarization of the optical radiation. No induced refractive index birefringence is observed.
The shape of the resonance of a saturated absorption is calculated at an arbitrary intensity of a probe field. It is revealed that, in the case of orthogonal polarizations of strong and probe fields, an increase in the intensity of the probe field can invert the shape of the nonlinear resonance of clearing of the medium, changing it to the resonance of absorption. The saturation of optical transitions by intrinsic spontaneous radiation increases the contrast of the inverted resonance of saturation and narrows its width. In the case of parallel polarizations of the optical fields, an absorption peak can arise in the shape of the nonlinear resonance upon splitting of the lower state.