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Applied Physics Letters

Coherent controlling plasmon transport properties in metal nanowire coupled to quantum dot

Mu-Tian Cheng, Yaqin Luo, Peizhen Wang, Guang-Xing Zhao

Published Nov 8, 2010• 40 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate theoretically the transport properties of surface plasmon in a metal nanowire with linear and nonlinear dispersion relations coupled to a quantum dot with three levels in cascaded configuration by full quantum-mechanical approach. The transmission and reflection amplitudes are obtained. The reflection spectrum shows two peaks for the surface plasmon with linear dispersion relation while it can exhibit four peaks when the plasmon has quadratic dispersion relation. The calculations reveal that one can control the plasmon transport properties by adjusting Rabi frequency and circular frequency of a classic optical field.

DOI
10.1063/1.3514245

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We investigate coherent single surface-plasmon transport in a metal nanowire strongly coupled to two colloidal quantum dots. Analytical expressions are obtained for the transmission and reflection coefficients by solving the corresponding eigenvalue equation. Remote entanglement of the wave functions of the two quantum dots can be created if the interdot distance is equal to a multiple half-wavelength of the surface plasmon. Furthermore, by applying classical laser pulses to the quantum dots, the entangled states can be stored in metastable states that are decoupled from the surface plasmons.
We introduce a unified theoretical framework for single-plasmon transport in one-dimensional nanowires, bridging the quantized electromagnetic Green's tensor formalism with effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian models. This approach naturally incorporates propagating surface plasmon polaritons, high-order modes dissipative channels, and intrinsic losses. We investigate both the stationary regime and the spatio-temporal dynamics of a single-plasmon pulse travelling through an atomic chain coupled to a dispersive nanowire. We analyze modal contributions to reflection and transmission spectra for quantum emitter coupled to a silver nanowire, a configuration proposed as a single-plasmon transistor, and we demonstrate that optimized multi-emitter systems offer significant advantages. In case of one quantum emitter coupled to a silver nanowire at telecom wavelengths, we predict a single-plasmon transmittivity down to 7\% under realistic conditions, and an atomic qubit population of 12\%. Extension to multi-emitter systems using a Löwdin orthogonalization procedure enables a consistent treatment of collective interactions. We show that optimized positioning with just five emitters enhances plasmon modulation, achieving a transmittivity of 2\% but also reduces coupling losses to one-third compared to the single-emitter case. Our results establish a robust foundation for analyzing and designing plasmonic waveguide quantum electrodynamics systems.
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Abstract We present a comprehensive theoretical study on the controlling of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excitation at the metal–dielectric (silver-Rb atoms) interface using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The results demonstrate that the excitation of SPPs can efficiently be controlled by utilizing the system parameters, e . g . atomic density, pump Rabi frequency and metal thickness. A significant probe field enhancement is achieved by adjusting the pump Rabi frequency and atomic number density, and it can be further optimized by precise tuning of the metal thickness. The resonance angle as well as reflection and transmission of the probe field are found to be highly sensitive to the probe frequency detuning. A notable displacement of the probe transmission peak position is also observed with the increasing pump Rabi frequency. These findings provide tunable control of SPPs using an EIT medium, which may find potential applications in the domains of quantum plasmonic sensor-based devices and quantum communication.
We theoretically investigated optical bistability (OB) of a coupled excition–plasmon hybrid system in a unidirectional ring cavity. It is found that the threshold and the region of OB can be tuned by adjusting the center–center distance between the quantum dot and metal nanoparticle (MNP), the Rabi frequency of the control field and the radius of the MNP. Due to the significantly enhanced optical nonlinearity by the surface plasmon effect, the threshold of OB can be decreased greatly when the probe field is parallel to the major axis of the hybrid system. The enhanced OB may have promising applications in optical switching and optical storage.