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Physical Review A

Phase-dependent optical effects in a four-level quantum system near a plasmonic nanostructure

Emmanuel Paspalakis, Sofia Evangelou, Vassilios Yannopapas, Andreas Terzis

Published Nov 21, 2013• 60 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the linear absorption and dispersion properties of a four-level double-V-type quantum system near a plasmonic nanostructure. The quantum system interacts with two orthogonal circularly polarized laser fields with the same frequency and different phases and electric field amplitudes. We find that the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure leads to strong modification of the absorption and dispersion spectra for one of the laser fields, in the presence of the other, and show that one can use the phase difference and the relative electric field amplitudes of the two laser fields for efficient control of the optical properties of the system. Effects such as complete optical transparency, zero absorption with nonzero dispersion, and gain without inversion are obtained.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.053832

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We study theoretically the effects of a plasmonic nanostructure on the linear absorption and dispersion spectrum of a four-level double- V\mathsf{V}V-type quantum system. In the quantum system under study one V\mathsf{V}V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons while the other V\mathsf{V}V-type transition interacts with free-space vacuum. As plasmonic nanostructure we consider a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We analyze the optical properties of a linearly polarized laser field that couples the lowest state with the upper states in the free-space transitions. We show that, due to the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, effects of optical transparency are created. These effects are also complemented by the existence of slow light.
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We theoretically study the impact of bismuth-chalcogenide microparticles on the linear absorption and dispersion properties of a four-level double-V-type quantum system. The quantum system interacts with two circularly polarized laser fields of the same frequency but with different phases and electric field amplitudes. Our study indicates that the inclusion of bismuth-chalcogenide microparticles leads to notable alterations in the absorption and dispersion spectra corresponding to one of the probe laser fields (while both fields are present). These alterations are much more dramatic compared to those induced by common plasmonic materials. By manipulating the field amplitudes as well as the phase difference between the two incident waves, the optical properties of the system can be efficiently controlled. Our study also highlights several effects, including complete optical transparency, zero absorption with nonzero dispersion, and gain without inversion.
We study the optical response of a four-level double-V-type quantum system which interacts simultaneously with probe and pump laser fields and is located near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. By considering different coupling configurations for the pump/probe laser fields and analyzing the resulting probe absorption spectrum we reveal a variety of phenomena, such as huge enhancement of the absorption at the central line, gain without inversion, and a phase-dependent absorption spectrum. We also show that the enhancement of probe absorption or the gain can be controlled by varying the distance of the quantum system from the plasmonic nanostructure, the intensity of the pump field(s), and, when applicable, their relative phase. Our results can find applications in on-chip nanoscale photonic devices.
We present a theoretical study of the resonance fluorescence of a four-level double-V\mathsf{V}V-type quantum emitter near a plasmonic nanostructure. The quantum system interacts with two orthogonal circularly polarized laser fields with the same frequency and intensity, but with different phases. For the plasmonic nanostructure we consider a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We show that the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure leads to strong modification of both the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the transition from antibunching to bunching for the fluorescent photons. In addition, we show that both the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the second-order correlation function are strongly phase-dependent so that the relative phase of laser fields can be used for the efficient control of the resonance fluorescence characteristics. The results are explained by using a dressed-state picture.
Abstract A one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) incorporated with a defect layer containing a four-level double V-type quantum system adjacent to a plasmonic nanostructure is employed to investigate the Hartman effect. The study involves the interaction of two orthogonal circularly polarized laser beams with the defect layer, possessing identical frequencies but vary in phase and electric field amplitude. The defect layer exhibits quantum system adjacent to plasmonic nanostructure and field interaction phenomena like optical transparency, nonzero dispersion with zero absorption, gain without inversion, and others related effects. By manipulating the phase of the driving fields and probe detuning, the 1DPC can function as either a positive index material (PIM) or a negative index material (NIM), correlating to the normal and anomalous dispersion of the defect layer, respectively. The positive and negative Hartman effects for PIM and NIM, respectively, can be observed by adjusting the relative phase with respect to the driving fields. Our suggested approach might be used in optical memory, all-optical switching, all-optical routing, and interferometry.