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Physical Review A

Control of resonance fluorescence of a four-level quantum emitter near a plasmonic nanostructure

F. Carreño, M. A. Antón, Vassilios Yannopapas, Emmanuel Paspalakis

Published Apr 17, 2017• 28 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a theoretical study of the resonance fluorescence of a four-level double-$\mathsf{V}$-type quantum emitter near a plasmonic nanostructure. The quantum system interacts with two orthogonal circularly polarized laser fields with the same frequency and intensity, but with different phases. For the plasmonic nanostructure we consider a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We show that the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure leads to strong modification of both the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the transition from antibunching to bunching for the fluorescent photons. In addition, we show that both the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the second-order correlation function are strongly phase-dependent so that the relative phase of laser fields can be used for the efficient control of the resonance fluorescence characteristics. The results are explained by using a dressed-state picture.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.95.043825

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We present a theoretical study of the resonance fluorescence of a four-level double-V\mathsf{V}V-type quantum emitter near a plasmonic nanostructure. The quantum system interacts with two orthogonal circularly polarized laser fields with the same frequency and intensity, but with different phases. For the plasmonic nanostructure we consider a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We show that the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure leads to strong modification of both the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the transition from antibunching to bunching for the fluorescent photons. In addition, we show that both the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the second-order correlation function are strongly phase-dependent so that the relative phase of laser fields can be used for the efficient control of the resonance fluorescence characteristics. The results are explained by using a dressed-state picture.
We study the optical response of a four-level double-V-type quantum system which interacts simultaneously with probe and pump laser fields and is located near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. By considering different coupling configurations for the pump/probe laser fields and analyzing the resulting probe absorption spectrum we reveal a variety of phenomena, such as huge enhancement of the absorption at the central line, gain without inversion, and a phase-dependent absorption spectrum. We also show that the enhancement of probe absorption or the gain can be controlled by varying the distance of the quantum system from the plasmonic nanostructure, the intensity of the pump field(s), and, when applicable, their relative phase. Our results can find applications in on-chip nanoscale photonic devices.
We study the linear absorption and dispersion properties of a four-level double-V-type quantum system near a plasmonic nanostructure. The quantum system interacts with two orthogonal circularly polarized laser fields with the same frequency and different phases and electric field amplitudes. We find that the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure leads to strong modification of the absorption and dispersion spectra for one of the laser fields, in the presence of the other, and show that one can use the phase difference and the relative electric field amplitudes of the two laser fields for efficient control of the optical properties of the system. Effects such as complete optical transparency, zero absorption with nonzero dispersion, and gain without inversion are obtained.
We present a theoretical study for the Kerr nonlinearity of a four-level double-V-type quantum system near a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. In the quantum system under study one V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons while the other V-type transition interacts with free-space vacuum. The quantum system interacts with a linearly polarized weak laser field that couples the lowest state with the upper states in the free-space transitions. We show that the Kerr nonlinearity is strongly influenced by the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure and is particularly sensitive to the distance between the quantum system and the plasmonic nanostructure.
We study theoretically the effects of a plasmonic nanostructure on the linear absorption and dispersion spectrum of a four-level double- V\mathsf{V}V-type quantum system. In the quantum system under study one V\mathsf{V}V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons while the other V\mathsf{V}V-type transition interacts with free-space vacuum. As plasmonic nanostructure we consider a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We analyze the optical properties of a linearly polarized laser field that couples the lowest state with the upper states in the free-space transitions. We show that, due to the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, effects of optical transparency are created. These effects are also complemented by the existence of slow light.
Modification of the resonance fluorescence spectrum of a two-level atom driven by a monochromatic field in the close proximity of a plasmonic nanostructure (metal sphere) is studied in detail. It is shown that one can control this spectrum by varying several key parameters: (i) the radius of the nanosphere, (ii) polarization of the incident radiation, and (iii) the atom's location around the nanosphere (its radial coordinate and polar angle in the spherical coordinate system). These parameters affect the local field enhancement and the modification of the radiative decay rate of the atom interacting with the nanosphere, which leads to modification of the resonance fluorescence spectrum of the atom (e.g., frequency shift of the satellite lines in the Mollow-type triplet, widths of the lines, and the spectrum intensity) by contrast with that in free space. The permittivity of the metal the nanosphere is made of is also an additional parameter, which defines the nonradiative decay. The latter in combination with other parameters allows continuous control of the transition from resonance fluorescence enhancement to its quenching.
We study theoretically the effects of the presence of a plasmonic nanostructure on free-space spontaneous emission in a four-level quantum system, where one V\mathsf{V}V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons and the other V\mathsf{V}V-type transition occurs in free space. The plasmonic nanostructure that we consider is a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We show that the spectrum of spontaneous emission in the free-space modes is strongly influenced by the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, and we explore the dependence of the spectrum on different initial conditions of the quantum system and on the distance from the nanostructure.