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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Coherent population transfer of ground state atoms into Rydberg states

T. Cubel, Boon-Keng Kevin Teo, Vladimir S. Malinovsky, Jeffrey R. Guest, Aaron Reinhard, Brenton Knuffman, P. R. Berman, Georg A. Raithel

Published Dec 10, 2005• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically an efficiency of /spl sime/70%for excitation from the /sup 85/Rb 5S ground state to the 44D Rydberg state, using the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP).
DOI
10.1109/qels.2005.1548834

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Coherent population transfer of ground-state atoms into Rydberg states

T. Cubel, Boon-Keng Kevin Teo, Vladimir S. Malinovsky +5 more

The technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is used to excite laser-cooled rubidium atoms from the $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}5{S}_{1∕2}$ ground state to the $44{D}_{5∕2}$ Rydberg state through the $5{P}_{3∕2}$ state. The utilized double-STIRAP scheme allows for an accurate determination of the absolute excitation efficiency. Experimental data are compared with results of a detailed theoretical model, and good agreement is found. It is concluded that at the center of the excitation region an excitation efficiency of 70% is achieved.

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A series of experiments is performed on cold 85Rb atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. A variation of Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is used to transfer population from the 5S 1/2 ground state to the 5D5/2 state with an efficiency exceeding 80%. This process relies on moderately intense pulses arriving in the counterintuitive order, i.e., the upper transition (5P → 5D) driven before the lower transition (5S → 5P ). There is reasonable agreement with computer simulations, excepting a marked discrepancy between measured intensities and those used in the simulations. With a large ensemble of 5D atoms available, the 5D photoionization cross section at four different laser wavelengths (1064, 788, 647 and 532 nm) is determined via trap loss measurements. The theoretical calculations agree well with the experimental results (17.7, 10.9, 7.6 and 5.2 Mb, respectively). An experiment to measure the 5S-5D collisional rate constant sets an order-of-magnitude upper bound of 10−10 cm3/s, assuming all atoms are 5S-5D pairs. ^

•Oct 1, 2001•0 citations

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We demonstrate the use of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) for population transfer from the ground state to the 5D5/2 level (5 5 5 ) S P D / / / 1 2 3 2 5 2 in laser-cooled 87 Rb atoms and examine the influence of the time delay between laser pulses, pulse height, pulse duration and frequency detuning from resonance on the efficiency of Rb atom excitation to the 5D5/2 level. In our experiments, the pulse duration was varied widely (30 - 200 ns), which allowed us to assess the effect of spontaneous decay on the population of the 5D5/2 level (natural lifetime, 300 ns). We per- formed numerical calculations with allowance for spontaneous decay from the 5P3/2 and 5D5/2 levels and compared the results to experimental data, which allowed the population of the 5D5/2 level to be determined. The maximum population of the 5D5/2 level in the region under excitation was 80 % of the total number of rubidium atoms.

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STIRAP schemes for atomic Bose-Einstein condensates

Andreas M. D. Thomasen, Tim Byrnes

In coherent control of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) the major limitation to successful high fidelity transfer using optical Raman transitions is spontaneous emission of radiation and the decoherence that this causes. We present a scheme based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) designed specifically for Rubidium 87. STIRAP is a method of population transfer that relies on the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics. Instead of transferring population between Hamiltonian ground states, one adiabatically evolves the ground states into some desired superposition. We show that one may thereby implement arbitrary rotations of spinor BECs with extremely high fidelities. Our simulations show that given a BEC with N = 10 4 atoms, we may do an arbitrary unitary rotation with an infidelity of about 10 -7 that takes approximately 100 ns.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Sep 1, 2016•0 citations
The technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is used to excite laser-cooled rubidium atoms from the 85Rb5S1∕2^{85}\mathrm{Rb}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}5{S}_{1∕2}85Rb5S1∕2​ ground state to the 44D5∕244{D}_{5∕2}44D5∕2​ Rydberg state through the 5P3∕25{P}_{3∕2}5P3∕2​ state. The utilized double-STIRAP scheme allows for an accurate determination of the absolute excitation efficiency. Experimental data are compared with results of a detailed theoretical model, and good agreement is found. It is concluded that at the center of the excitation region an excitation efficiency of 70% is achieved.
The technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is used to transfer potassium atoms from the 22p state to the 21p Rydberg state through the intermediate state 22s. The results show that complete population transfer is related to pulse duration and overlap, and occurs when the pulse duration and overlap have adequate values. At the same time, population trapping is also formed. Complete population transfer can also occurs when the two-photon resonance condition ( Δ s = Δ p ) is met.
A series of experiments is performed on cold 85Rb atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap. A variation of Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is used to transfer population from the 5S 1/2 ground state to the 5D5/2 state with an efficiency exceeding 80%. This process relies on moderately intense pulses arriving in the counterintuitive order, i.e., the upper transition (5P → 5D) driven before the lower transition (5S → 5P ). There is reasonable agreement with computer simulations, excepting a marked discrepancy between measured intensities and those used in the simulations. With a large ensemble of 5D atoms available, the 5D photoionization cross section at four different laser wavelengths (1064, 788, 647 and 532 nm) is determined via trap loss measurements. The theoretical calculations agree well with the experimental results (17.7, 10.9, 7.6 and 5.2 Mb, respectively). An experiment to measure the 5S-5D collisional rate constant sets an order-of-magnitude upper bound of 10−10 cm3/s, assuming all atoms are 5S-5D pairs. ^
We demonstrate the use of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) for population transfer from the ground state to the 5D5/2 level (5 5 5 ) S P D / / / 1 2 3 2 5 2 in laser-cooled 87 Rb atoms and examine the influence of the time delay between laser pulses, pulse height, pulse duration and frequency detuning from resonance on the efficiency of Rb atom excitation to the 5D5/2 level. In our experiments, the pulse duration was varied widely (30 - 200 ns), which allowed us to assess the effect of spontaneous decay on the population of the 5D5/2 level (natural lifetime, 300 ns). We per- formed numerical calculations with allowance for spontaneous decay from the 5P3/2 and 5D5/2 levels and compared the results to experimental data, which allowed the population of the 5D5/2 level to be determined. The maximum population of the 5D5/2 level in the region under excitation was 80 % of the total number of rubidium atoms.
In coherent control of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) the major limitation to successful high fidelity transfer using optical Raman transitions is spontaneous emission of radiation and the decoherence that this causes. We present a scheme based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) designed specifically for Rubidium 87. STIRAP is a method of population transfer that relies on the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics. Instead of transferring population between Hamiltonian ground states, one adiabatically evolves the ground states into some desired superposition. We show that one may thereby implement arbitrary rotations of spinor BECs with extremely high fidelities. Our simulations show that given a BEC with N = 10 4 atoms, we may do an arbitrary unitary rotation with an infidelity of about 10 -7 that takes approximately 100 ns.