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IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting (LEOS)

Phase conjugate reflectivity of 165% using four-wave mixing in a broad-area laser diode

Peter Kürz, R. Nagar, T. Mukai

Published Nov 19, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Optical phase conjugation using semiconductor gain media promises several advantages. It is expected to be fast (nanosecond response times) and the phase conjugator can be easily integrated with other semiconductor devices. Here, we demonstrate experimentally a third advantage. It can be highly efficient, since both the pump and the probe beams are optically amplified. Our phase conjugation experiment is based on spatially nondegenerate four-wave mixing in a broad-area laser diode.

DOI
10.1109/leos.1995.484776

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Martin W. McCall, K.A. Shore

Nearly degenerate four wave mixing (NDFWM) in semiconductor laser amplifiers has received attention recently as a means of efficiently generating phase conjugate beams. The high efficiency is due to two factors: (i) intracavity geometry enhances pump efficiency; (ii) an amplifying nonlinear medium results in high coupling efficiency. These factors have combined to give observed conjugate reflectivities of approximately 30/40 dB. The NDFWM process in semiconductor lasers is also very fast ( tau approximately 10/sup -9/s) being limited primarily by the interband relaxation time. Recent theoretical studies, however, have suggested that temporal gratings with THz frequencies may be supportable. It should be noted that NDFWM in semiconductor lasers is quite different from four wave mixing in most other media in that to a first approximation the gratings formed are purely temporal. Spatial effects are normally neglected, both for computational convenience and because carrier diffusion tends to wash out spatial holes. Previously, the authors demonstrated how the temporal nature of the wave mixing process could be exploited to produce a resonant enhancement in a two wave mixing geometry. In this paper, they examine a novel scheme for enhancing the phase conjugate reflectivity via pumping the device resonantly at the detuning frequency. They demonstrate that on resonance, conjugate reflectivities several orders of magnitude greater than those previously reported are possible. >

•May 20, 1992•0 citations
Optical phase conjugation using semiconductor gain media promises several advantages. It is expected to be fast (nanosecond response times) and the phase conjugator can be easily integrated with other semiconductor devices. Here, we demonstrate experimentally a third advantage. It can be highly efficient, since both the pump and the probe beams are optically amplified. Our phase conjugation experiment is based on spatially nondegenerate four-wave mixing in a broad-area laser diode.
Summary form only given. Optical phase conjugation through nearly degenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) in semiconductor lasers has attracted considerable attention since being first demonstrated by Nakajima and Frey (1985). Such interest arises due to the very high conjugate reflectivity of order 30-40 dB which can be achieved owing to the amplifying effect of the semiconductor gain medium and cavity enhancement of the mixing process. The paper is focused on an experimental study of NDFWM in a two-section single cavity Fabry-Perot (TSSC FP) laser diode for different probe injection powers. We present results on the conjugate reflectivity dependence of the frequency detuning subject to different injection power. It is shown that the conjugate reflectivity is dependent on optical probe injection into either section of a TSSC FP laser diode, injection power and bias current condition.
Optical phase conjugation through nearly degenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) in semiconductor lasers has attracted considerable attention in recent years since being first demonstrated by Nakajima and Frey[ 1 ]. Such interest arises due to the very high conjugate reflectivity of order 30-40dB which can be achieved owing to the amplifying effect of the semiconductor gain medium and cavity enhancement of mixing process. However, most previous experimental and theoretical work has placed emphasis on the weak signal case, where the injection signal acts only as a small perturbation of free-running laser diode. It is only very recently that a theoretical analysis of NDFWM in a semiconductor laser subject to strong probe injection power has been presented[2].
Nearly degenerate four wave mixing (NDFWM) in semiconductor laser amplifiers has received attention recently as a means of efficiently generating phase conjugate beams. The high efficiency is due to two factors: (i) intracavity geometry enhances pump efficiency; (ii) an amplifying nonlinear medium results in high coupling efficiency. These factors have combined to give observed conjugate reflectivities of approximately 30/40 dB. The NDFWM process in semiconductor lasers is also very fast ( tau approximately 10/sup -9/s) being limited primarily by the interband relaxation time. Recent theoretical studies, however, have suggested that temporal gratings with THz frequencies may be supportable. It should be noted that NDFWM in semiconductor lasers is quite different from four wave mixing in most other media in that to a first approximation the gratings formed are purely temporal. Spatial effects are normally neglected, both for computational convenience and because carrier diffusion tends to wash out spatial holes. Previously, the authors demonstrated how the temporal nature of the wave mixing process could be exploited to produce a resonant enhancement in a two wave mixing geometry. In this paper, they examine a novel scheme for enhancing the phase conjugate reflectivity via pumping the device resonantly at the detuning frequency. They demonstrate that on resonance, conjugate reflectivities several orders of magnitude greater than those previously reported are possible. >