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AIP conference proceedings

Quantum optical repeaters

Philippe Grangier, J.-Ph. Poizat, Jean-François Roch, Jean Claude Garreau, Juan Ariel Levenson, Izo I. Abram, Thomas Rivera, P. Fayolle

Published Jan 1, 1993• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate experimentally two devices that can manipulate an information‐carrying light beam below the usual shot‐noise limit. The first one is a type II pulsed optical parametric amplifier, which can duplicate (or, clone) the signal it amplifies. The second one uses semiconductor emitters and receivers, and is able to ‘‘re‐create’’ a light beam after direct detection. Although both devices are amplifiers with large gain, they meet the quantitative criteria for Quantum Non‐Demolition measurements and, thus, operate in the non‐classical regime. They can be used as noiseless amplifying optical taps which, at the same time, can overcome the noise introduced by downstream propagation and detection losses.

DOI
10.1063/1.45068

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We demonstrate experimentally two devices that can manipulate an information‐carrying light beam below the usual shot‐noise limit. The first one is a type II pulsed optical parametric amplifier, which can duplicate (or, clone) the signal it amplifies. The second one uses semiconductor emitters and receivers, and is able to ‘‘re‐create’’ a light beam after direct detection. Although both devices are amplifiers with large gain, they meet the quantitative criteria for Quantum Non‐Demolition measurements and, thus, operate in the non‐classical regime. They can be used as noiseless amplifying optical taps which, at the same time, can overcome the noise introduced by downstream propagation and detection losses.
We describe an amplifying system using a photodiode and a light emitting diode, which is able to measure and to ``recreate'' the quantum statistics of the intensity of a light beam. This system acts therefore as a nonclassical ``quantum optical repeater.'' The overall information transfer is improved by a factor of 1.8 compared to a classical device, while the ideal quantum value would be 2, and the correlation between the signal and meter outputs is 1.2 dB below the shot-noise limit. We also demonstrate the use of this device for both detecting and recreating an input squeezed state.
Two configurations involving high quantum efficiency photodetectors and light emitting diodes have been investigated. A light beam was detected with a photodetector and its photocurrent was used to measure the incoming beam. Simultaneously, the photocurrent was used, with and without amplification, to regenerate the absorbed beam. With these schemes photon number amplification, duplication, and information tapping without introducing any significant noise to the downstream propagating beam could be experimentally realized.
We experimentally demonstrate that a type-II pulsed optical parametric amplifier operated in a phase-insensitive configuration works as a near-perfect classical optical amplifier whose noise figure approaches 3 dB at high gains. We further demonstrate that, when operated in a phase-sensitive configuration, this amplifier works as a quantum-optical amplifier whose noise figure goes below 3 dB and approaches 0 dB at high gains. The noise figure of 1.45 ± 0.2 dB, measured for a gain of 9 dB, is clearly in the quantum regime.