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arXiv:2603.17562

On global dynamics for damped driven Jaynes-Cummings equations

A. I. Komech, E. A. Kopylova

math.APmath-phquant-phSubmitted Mar 18, 2026• Announced Mar 19, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

The article concerns damped driven Jaynes-Cummings equation which describes quantised one-mode Maxwell field coupled to a two-level molecule. We consider a broad class of damping and pumping which are polynomial in the creation and annihilation operators, and their structures correspond to the theory of completely positive and trace preserving generators (CPTP) of Lindblad and Kossakowski & al. Our main result is the construction of global generalised solutions with values in the Hilbert space of nonnegative Hermitian Hilbert-Schmidt operators in the case of time-dependent pumping. The proofs rely on finite-dimensional approximations of the annihilation and creation operators.

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The article concerns damped driven Jaynes-Cummings equation which describes quantised one-mode Maxwell field coupled to a two-level molecule. We consider a broad class of damping and pumping which are polynomial in the creation and annihilation operators, and their structures correspond to the theory of completely positive and trace preserving generators (CPTP) of Lindblad and Kossakowski & al.
Our main result is the construction of global generalised solutions with values in the Hilbert space of nonnegative Hermitian Hilbert-Schmidt operators in the case of time-dependent pumping. The proofs rely on finite-dimensional approximations of the annihilation and creation operators.
The article addresses the damped driven Jaynes-Cummings for quantised one-mode Maxwell field coupled to a two-level molecule. We consider a broad class of damping and pumping which are polynomial in the creation and annihilation operators. Our main result is the construction of a contraction dynamical semigroup in the Hilbert space of Hermitian Hilbert-Schmidt operators in the case of a nonpositive dissipation operator and time-independent pumping. All trajectories of the semigroup are generalised solutions to the Jaynes-Cummings equations. As a key example, we prove nonpositivity for the basic dissipation operator of Quantum Optics.
These notes are a short introduction to the mathematical theory of open quantum systems. They are meant to serve as an entry point into a broad research area which has applications across the quantum sciences dealing with systems subjected to external noise. The guiding idea is to let the key structures of the theory emerge from a concrete model. By working through the dissipative Jaynes-Cummings model the reader will dis- cover explicitly how irreversible dynamics arises from a unitary system-reservoir evolution. The notions of the continuous mode limit, correlation functions, spectral density appear in a natural manner and lead to the evolution equation of the open system in form of a master equation. This sets the stage for the more general analysis of completely positive, trace preserving (CPTP) maps and the study of quantum dynamical semigroups. We motivate and prove the Kraus representation theorem, the dilation theorem and the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) theorem. Working through the exercises (for which full solutions are supplied) will reinforce the ideas introduced in the main text.
In this Communication, we consider a generalised Tavis–Cummings model when the damping process is taken into account. We show that the quantum dynamics governed by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is exactly solvable using the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method, and the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz. The leakage of photons is described by a Lindblad-type master equation. The non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is diagonalised by state vectors, which are elementary symmetric functions parametrised by the solutions of the Bethe equations. The time evolution of the photon annihilation operator is defined via a corresponding determinant representation.
The time-evolution operator corresponding to the fractional-time Schrödinger equation is nonunitary because it fails to preserve the norm of the vector state in the course of its evolution. However, in the context of the time-dependent non-Hermitian quantum formalism applied to the time-fractional dynamics, it has been demonstrated that a unitary evolution can be achieved for a traceless two-level Hamiltonian. This is accomplished by considering a dynamical Hilbert space embedding a time-dependent metric operator concerning which the system unitarily evolves in time. This allows for a suitable description of a quantum system consistent with the standard quantum mechanical principles. In this work, we investigate the Jaynes-Cummings model in the fractional-time scenario taking into account the fractional-order parameter α and its effect in unitary quantum dynamics. We analyze the well-known dynamical properties, such as the atomic population inversion and the atom-field entanglement, when the atom starts in its excited state and the field in a coherent state.
The description of the dynamics of an open quantum system in the presence of initial correlations with the environment needs different mathematical tools than the standard approach to reduced dynamics, which is based on the use of a time-dependent completely positive trace preserving (CPTP) map. Here, we take into account an approach that is based on a decomposition of any possibly correlated bipartite state as a conical combination involving statistical operators on the environment and general linear operators on the system, which allows one to fix the reduced-system evolution via a finite set of time-dependent CPTP maps. In particular, we show that such a decomposition always exists, also for infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces, and that the number of resulting CPTP maps is bounded by the Schmidt rank of the initial global state. We further investigate the case where the CPTP maps are semigroups with generators in the Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan form; for two simple qubit models, we identify the positivity domain defined by the initial states that are mapped into proper states at any time of the evolution fixed by the CPTP semigroups.