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arXiv:2009.06166 · Physical Review Applied

Atom-Light Hybrid Quantum Gyroscope

Yuan Wu, Jinxian Guo, Xiaotian Feng, L.Q. Chen, Chun-Hua Yuan, Weiping Zhang

Published Dec 8, 2020• 19 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

An atom-light hybrid quantum gyroscope (ALHQG) is proposed due to its high rotation sensitivity. It consists of an optical Sagnac loop to couple rotation rate and an atomic ensemble as quantum beam splitter (recombiner) [QBS(C)] based on atomic Raman-amplification process to realize the splitting and recombination of the optical wave and the atomic spin wave. The rotation sensitivity can be enhanced by the quantum correlation between Sagnac loop and QBS(C). The optimal working condition is investigated to achieve the best sensitivity. The numerical results show that the rotation sensitivity can beat the standard quantum limit (SQL) in ideal condition. Even in the presence of the attenuation under practical condition, the best sensitivity of the ALHQG can still beat the SQL and is better than that of a classical fiber optic gyroscope. Such an ALHQG could be practically applied for modern inertial navigation system.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064023

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An atom-light hybrid quantum gyroscope (ALHQG) is proposed due to its high rotation sensitivity. It consists of an optical Sagnac loop to couple rotation rate and an atomic ensemble as quantum beam splitter (recombiner) [QBS(C)] based on atomic Raman-amplification process to realize the splitting and recombination of the optical wave and the atomic spin wave. The rotation sensitivity can be enhanced by the quantum correlation between Sagnac loop and QBS(C). The optimal working condition is investigated to achieve the best sensitivity. The numerical results show that the rotation sensitivity can beat the standard quantum limit (SQL) in ideal condition. Even in the presence of the attenuation under practical condition, the best sensitivity of the ALHQG can still beat the SQL and is better than that of a classical fiber optic gyroscope. Such an ALHQG could be practically applied for modern inertial navigation system.
We reports improvements to our Sagnac effect matter-wave interferometer gyroscope. This device now has a short-term rotation-rate sensitivity of 6 × 10 -10 rad s -1 over 1 s of integration, which is the best publicly reported value to date. Stimulated Raman transitions are used to coherently manipulate atoms from counterpropagating thermal beams, forming two interferometers with opposite rotation phase shifts, allowing rotation to be distinguished from acceleration and laser arbitrary phase. Furthermore, electronically compensating the rotation-induced Doppler shifts of the Raman lasers allows operation at an effective zero rotation rate, improving sensitivity and facilitating sensitive lock-in detection readout techniques. Long-term stability is promising but not yet fully characterized. Potential applications include inertial navigation, geophysical studies and tests of general relativity.
In this paper, we propose a quantum gyroscope scheme based on a cavity-magnon system, which enables high-precision rotation angular velocity sensing by harnessing hybrid light-magnon interactions. Central to this framework is the employment of a two-mode squeezed coherent state, generated via parametric coupling of dual quantized optical fields with collective spin excitations (magnons), which serves as the quantum metrological probe. We demonstrate that this scheme can significantly enhance the sensitivity of quantum gyroscopes beyond the shot-noise limit. Furthermore, in the non-Markovian case, the performance of the quantum gyroscope in a dissipative environment does not deteriorate over time, provided that the environmental spectral density satisfies certain conditions. Another notable advantage of the proposed quantum gyroscope lies in its ability to overcome the size constraints inherent in current quantum gyroscope designs. These findings provide critical insights for advancing miniaturized quantum gyroscopes with sub-microradian precision, addressing long-standing challenges in inertial navigation systems under strong ambient noise.
We realize beam splitters and mirrors for atom waves by employing a sequence of light pulses rather than individual ones. In this way we can tailor atom interferometers with improved sensitivity and accuracy. We demonstrate our method of composite pulses by creating a symmetric matter-wave interferometer which combines the advantages of conventional Bragg- and Raman-type concepts. This feature leads to an interferometer with a high immunity to technical noise allowing us to devise a large-area Sagnac gyroscope yielding a phase shift of 6.5 rad due to the Earth's rotation. With this device we achieve a rotation rate precision of 120 nrad s(-1) Hz(-1/2) and determine the Earth's rotation rate with a relative uncertainty of 1.2%.
Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have potential applications in precise rotation measurement, especially in remote sensing. Interferometers, especially nonlinear quantum interferometers, have also been proven to greatly improve the measurement accuracy in quantum metrology. By combining these two techniques, we theoretically propose a new atom-light hybrid Sagnac interferometer with OAM lights to advance the precision of the rotation measurement. A rotation sensitivity below standard quantum limit is achieved due to the enhancement of the quantum correlation of the interferometer even with 96% photon losses. This makes our protocol robustness to the photon loss. Furthermore, combining the slow light effect brings us at least four orders of magnitude of sensitivity better than the earth rotation rate. This new type interferometer has potential applications in high precision rotation sensing.
The advent of increasingly precise gyroscopes has played a key role in the technological development of navigation systems. Ring-laser and fiber-optic gyroscopes, for example, are widely used in modern inertial guidance systems and rely on the interference of unentangled photons to measure mechanical rotation. The sensitivity of these devices scales with the number of particles used as 1/N1/\sqrt{N}1/N​. Here we demonstrate how, by using sources of entangled particles, it is possible to do better and even achieve the ultimate limit allowed by quantum mechanics where the precision scales as 1/N1/N1/N. We propose a gyroscope scheme that uses ultracold atoms trapped in an optical ring potential.
Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have potential applications in precise rotation measurement, especially in remote sensing. Interferometers, especially nonlinear quantum interferometers, have also been proven to greatly improve the measurement accuracy in quantum metrology. By combining these two techniques, we theoretically propose a new atom-light hybrid Sagnac interferometer with OAM lights to advance the precision of the rotation measurement. A rotation sensitivity below standard quantum limit is achieved due to the enhancement of the quantum correlation of the interferometer even with 96% photon losses. This makes our protocol robustness to the photon loss. Furthermore, combining the slow light effect brings us at least four orders of magnitude of sensitivity better than the earth rotation rate. This new type interferometer has potential applications in high precision rotation sensing.