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Optics Express

Super-sensitive rotation measurement with an orbital angular momentum atom-light hybrid interferometer

Jinxian Guo, Sheng Ming, Yuan Wu, L. Q. Chen, Weiping Zhang

Published Nov 20, 2020• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have potential applications in precise rotation measurement, especially in remote sensing. Interferometers, especially nonlinear quantum interferometers, have also been proven to greatly improve the measurement accuracy in quantum metrology. By combining these two techniques, we theoretically propose a new atom-light hybrid Sagnac interferometer with OAM lights to advance the precision of the rotation measurement. A rotation sensitivity below standard quantum limit is achieved due to the enhancement of the quantum correlation of the interferometer even with 96% photon losses. This makes our protocol robustness to the photon loss. Furthermore, combining the slow light effect brings us at least four orders of magnitude of sensitivity better than the earth rotation rate. This new type interferometer has potential applications in high precision rotation sensing.

DOI
10.1364/oe.409964

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Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have potential applications in precise rotation measurement, especially in remote sensing. Interferometers, especially nonlinear quantum interferometers, have also been proven to greatly improve the measurement accuracy in quantum metrology. By combining these two techniques, we theoretically propose a new atom-light hybrid Sagnac interferometer with OAM lights to advance the precision of the rotation measurement. A rotation sensitivity below standard quantum limit is achieved due to the enhancement of the quantum correlation of the interferometer even with 96% photon losses. This makes our protocol robustness to the photon loss. Furthermore, combining the slow light effect brings us at least four orders of magnitude of sensitivity better than the earth rotation rate. This new type interferometer has potential applications in high precision rotation sensing.
Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have potential applications in precise rotation measurement, especially in remote sensing. Interferometers, especially nonlinear quantum interferometers, have also been proven to greatly improve the measurement accuracy in quantum metrology. By combining these two techniques, we theoretically propose a new atom-light hybrid Sagnac interferometer with OAM lights to advance the precision of the rotation measurement. A rotation sensitivity below standard quantum limit is achieved due to the enhancement of the quantum correlation of the interferometer even with 96% photon losses. This makes our protocol robustness to the photon loss. Furthermore, combining the slow light effect brings us at least four orders of magnitude of sensitivity better than the earth rotation rate. This new type interferometer has potential applications in high precision rotation sensing.
Abstract We theoretically explore the angular rotation measurement sensitivity of SU(1,1) interferometers with a coherent beam and a vacuum beam input by using orbital angular momentum (OAM). Compared with the OAM in an SU(2) interferometer, the SU(1,1) interferometer employing homodyne detection can further surpass the angular rotation shot noise limit 1 2 l N and improve the resolution and sensitivity of angular rotation measurement. Two models are considered, one is that OAM is carried by a probe beam and the other one is a pump beam with the OAM. The sensitivity can be improved by higher OAM and nonlinear process with a large gain. The resolution can be enhanced in the case that the pump beam has OAM. Moreover, we present a brief discussion on the variation of resolution and sensitivity in the presence of photon loss.
We investigate the sensitivity of the angular rotation measurement with the method of homodyne detection in SU(2) and SU(1,1) interferometers by employing orbital angular momentum (OAM). By combining a coherent beam with a vacuum beam in an SU(2) interferometer, we get the sensitivity of the angular rotation measurement as 12Nl. We can surpass the limit of the angular rotation measurement in an SU(1,1) interferometer by combining a coherent beam with a vacuum beam or a squeezed vacuum beam when the probe beam has OAM. Without injection, the sensitivity can reach 12Nl. In addition, by employing another construction of an SU(1,1) interferometer where the pump beam has OAM, with the same injection of an SU(1,1) interferometer, the sensitivity of the angular rotation measurement can be improved by a factor of 2, reaching 14Nl. The results confirm the potential of this technology for precision measurements in angular rotation measurements.
Photon orbital angular momentum has led to many novel insights and applications in quantum measurement. Photon orbital angular momentum can increase the resolution and sensitivity of angular rotation measurement. However, quantum measurement strategy can further surpass this limit and improve the resolution of angular rotation measurement. This Letter proposes and demonstrates a parity measurement method in angular rotation measurement scheme for the first time. Parity measurement can make the resolution superior to the limit of the existing method. The sensitivity can be improved with higher orbital angular momentum photons. Moreover, this Letter gives a detailed discussion of the change of resolution and sensitivity in the presence of photon loss.
Abstract In order to realize the enhancement of angular rotation measurement sensitivity, a new scheme based on an SU(1,1) interferometer with intensity sum detection has been proposed. A coherent beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) enters into the SU(1,1) interferometer where the Dove prisms are inserted. By taking full advantage of the two outports and employing intensity sum detection, the angular rotation measurement sensitivity can be enhanced by higher gain, photon number and OAM. Meanwhile, resolution can be improved while the pump beam carries OAM. The angular rotation measurement sensitivity of the SU(1,1) interferometer can beat standard quantum limit 1 / ( 2 l N ), and it still can be optimal when photon depletion inside this interferometer is the same.
This study investigates the use of orbital angular momentum (OAM) to enhance phase estimation in Mach-Zehnder interferometers by employing non-Gaussian states as input resources in the presence of noise. Our research demonstrates that non-Gaussian states, particularly the photon-subtraction-then-addition state, exhibit the best sensitivity in the presence of symmetric noise. Additionally, a higher order of the Bose operator of non-Gaussian states provides better sensitivity for symmetric noise. OAM can mitigate the deterioration of noise, making it possible to estimate small phase shifts $\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$. OAM enhances the resolution and sensitivity of all input states and mitigates the deterioration caused by photon loss. Additionally, OAM enhances the resolution and sensitivity of all input states, enabling the sensitivity to approach the 1/N1/N1/N limit even under significant photon loss (e.g., 5050%50 symmetric photon loss). These results hold promise for enhancing the sensitivity and robustness of quantum metrology, particularly in the presence of significant photon loss.