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arXiv:2007.15730 · Physical Review A

Decoherence-free radio-frequency-dressed subspaces

G. A. Sinuco-Leon, H. Mas, S. Pandey, G. Vasilakis, B. M. Garraway, Wolf von Klitzing

Published Sep 7, 2021• 5 citations
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Abstract

We study the spectral signatures and coherence properties of radio-frequency-dressed hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. Experimentally, we engineer combinations of static and RF magnetic fields to modify the response of the atomic spin states to environmental magnetic field noise. We demonstrate analytically and experimentally the existence of ``magic'' dressing conditions where decoherence due to electromagnetic field noise is strongly suppressed. Building on this result, we propose a bichromatic dressing configuration that reduces the global sensitivity of the atomic ground states to low-frequency noise, and enables the simultaneous protection of multiple transitions between the two ground hyperfine manifolds of atomic alkali species. Our methods produce protected transitions between any pair of hyperfine sublevels at arbitrary (low) DC-magnetic fields.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.104.033307

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We study the spectral signatures and coherence properties of radio-frequency-dressed hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb. Experimentally, we engineer combinations of static and RF magnetic fields to modify the response of the atomic spin states to environmental magnetic field noise. We demonstrate analytically and experimentally the existence of ``magic'' dressing conditions where decoherence due to electromagnetic field noise is strongly suppressed. Building on this result, we propose a bichromatic dressing configuration that reduces the global sensitivity of the atomic ground states to low-frequency noise, and enables the simultaneous protection of multiple transitions between the two ground hyperfine manifolds of atomic alkali species. Our methods produce protected transitions between any pair of hyperfine sublevels at arbitrary (low) DC-magnetic fields.
We study the spectral signatures and coherence properties of radio-frequency-dressed hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of Rb87. Experimentally, we engineer combinations of static and RF magnetic fields to modify the response of the atomic spin states to environmental magnetic field noise. We demonstrate analytically and experimentally the existence of "magic"dressing conditions where decoherence due to electromagnetic field noise is strongly suppressed. Building on this result, we propose a bichromatic dressing configuration that reduces the global sensitivity of the atomic ground states to low-frequency noise, and enables the simultaneous protection of multiple transitions between the two ground hyperfine manifolds of atomic alkali species. Our methods produce protected transitions between any pair of hyperfine sublevels at arbitrary (low) DC-magnetic fields.
We demonstrate engineering of a narrow microwave transition between trappable states in radio-frequency-dressed 87^{87}87rubidium, reducing the static field dependence. A single-frequency, off-resonant microwave field allows for the suppression of the differential Zeeman shift arising from the nuclear magnetic moment to at least first order. The field dependence can be suppressed further with additional dressing fields, which we demonstrate experimentally with two microwave frequencies. The engineered transition can thus be used in a range of cold atom schemes that rely on coherent state superpositions.
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We study the hyperfine spectrum of atoms of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb dressed by a radio-frequency field and present experimental results in three different situations: freely falling atoms, atoms trapped in an optical dipole trap, and atoms in an adiabatic radio-frequency dressed shell trap. In all cases, we observe several resonant sidebands spaced (in frequency) at intervals equal to the dressing frequency, corresponding to transitions enabled by the dressing field. We theoretically explain the main features of the microwave spectrum using a semiclassical model in the low-field limit and the rotating-wave approximation for alkali-metal-like species, in general, and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms, in particular. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate how the spectral signal of a dressed atomic ensemble enables an accurate determination of the dressing configuration and the probing microwave field.
We present the experimental realization of a continuous dynamical decoupling scheme which suppresses leading frequency shifts in a multi-ion frequency reference based on ^{40}Ca^{+}. By near-resonant magnetic coupling of the ^{2}S_{1/2} and ^{2}D_{5/2} Zeeman sublevels using radio-frequency dressing fields, engineered transitions with reduced sensitivity to magnetic-field fluctuations are obtained. A second stage detuned dressing field reduces the influence of amplitude noise in the first stage driving fields and decreases 2nd-rank tensor shifts, such as the electric quadrupole shift. Suppression of the quadratic dependence of the quadrupole shift to 3(2) mHz/μm^{2} and coherence times of 290(20) ms on the optical transition are demonstrated even within a laboratory environment with significant magnetic field noise. Besides removing inhomogeneous line shifts in multi-ion clocks, the demonstrated dynamical decoupling technique may find applications in quantum computing and simulation with trapped ions by a tailored design of decoherence-free subspaces.