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arXiv:2007.01677 · Mathematical Physics Analysis and Geometry

Susy for Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, with a View to Coherent States

F. Bagarello

Published Jul 22, 2020• 5 citations
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Abstract

Abstract We propose an extended version of supersymmetric quantum mechanics which can be useful if the Hamiltonian of the physical system under investigation is not Hermitian. The method is based on the use of two, in general different, superpotentials. Bi-coherent states of the Gazeau-Klauder type are constructed and their properties are analyzed. Some examples are also discussed, including an application to the Black-Scholes equation, one of the most important equations in Finance.

DOI
10.1007/s11040-020-09353-3

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•Sep 24, 2021•0 citations
Abstract We propose an extended version of supersymmetric quantum mechanics which can be useful if the Hamiltonian of the physical system under investigation is not Hermitian. The method is based on the use of two, in general different, superpotentials. Bi-coherent states of the Gazeau-Klauder type are constructed and their properties are analyzed. Some examples are also discussed, including an application to the Black-Scholes equation, one of the most important equations in Finance.
We extend the standard intertwining relations used in supersymmetrical (SUSY) quantum mechanics which involve real superpotentials to complex superpotentials. This allows us to deal with a large class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and to study in general the isospectrality between complex potentials. In very specific cases we can construct in a natural way "quasicomplex" potentials which we define as complex potentials having a global property so as to lead to a Hamiltonian with real spectrum. We also obtained a class of complex transparent potentials whose Hamiltonian can be intertwined to a free Hamiltonian. We provide a variety of examples both for the radial problem (half axis) and for the standard one-dimensional problem (the whole axis), including remarks concerning scattering problems.
A new class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real spectrum, which are written as a real linear combination of su(2) generators in the form H = ωJ 3 + αJ -+ βJ + , α = β, is analyzed.The metrics which allows the transition to the equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian is established.A pseudo-Hermitian supersymmetic extension of such Hamiltonians is performed.They correspond to the pseudo-Hermitian supersymmetric systems of the boson-phermion oscillators.We extend the supercoherent states formalism to such supersymmetic systems via the pseudo-unitary supersymmetric displacement operator method.The constructed family of these supercoherent states consists of two dual subfamilies that form a bi-overcomplete and bi-normal system in the boson-phermion Fock space.The states of each subfamily are eigenvectors of the boson annihilation operator and of one of the two phermion lowering operators.
In this work we present an introduction to Supersymmetry in the context of 1-dimensional Quantum Mechanics. For that purpose we develop the concept of hamiltonians factorization using the simple harmonic oscillator as an example, we introduce the supersymmetric oscilator and, next, we generalize these concepts to introduce the fundamentals of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics. We also discuss useful tools to solve problems in Quantum Mechanics which are intrinsecally related to Supersymmetry as hierarchy of hamiltonians and shape invariance. We present two approximation methods which will be specially useful: the well known Variational Method and the Logarithmic Perturbation Theory, the latter being closely related to the concepts of superpotentials and hierarchy of hamiltonians. Finally, we present problems related to superpotentials which are monomials in even powers of the x coordinate multiplied by the sign function epsilon(x), which seems to be a new class of problems in Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics.
The study of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems within the framework of Supersymmetric Quantum mechanics (SUSY QM) has been carried out in literature in the last decade. Most of these potentials are either PT Symmetric or quasi-Hermitian in nature. But no formulation is advanced in literature to the study of general complex potentials within its framework. In this paper, using the complex phase space approach, we carry out the complexification of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics to enable the study of any general non-Hermitian Hamiltonian system within its framework. The commutation relations among its operators are enumerated and the underlying symmetry is discussed. The eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the real and imaginary parts of superpartner Hamiltonians are also investigated.