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arXiv:1009.5293 · Symmetry Integrability and Geometry Methods and Applications

Supersymmetric Extension of Non-Hermitian su(2) Hamiltonian and Supercoherent States

Omar Cherbal

Published Dec 15, 2010• 5 citations

Abstract

A new class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real spectrum, which are written as a real linear combination of su(2) generators in the form H = ωJ 3 + αJ -+ βJ + , α = β, is analyzed.The metrics which allows the transition to the equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian is established.A pseudo-Hermitian supersymmetic extension of such Hamiltonians is performed.They correspond to the pseudo-Hermitian supersymmetric systems of the boson-phermion oscillators.We extend the supercoherent states formalism to such supersymmetic systems via the pseudo-unitary supersymmetric displacement operator method.The constructed family of these supercoherent states consists of two dual subfamilies that form a bi-overcomplete and bi-normal system in the boson-phermion Fock space.The states of each subfamily are eigenvectors of the boson annihilation operator and of one of the two phermion lowering operators.

DOI: 10.3842/sigma.2010.096

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A new class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real spectrum, which are written as a real linear combination of su(2) generators in the form H = ωJ 3 + αJ -+ βJ + , α = β, is analyzed.The metrics which allows the transition to the equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian is established.A pseudo-Hermitian supersymmetic extension of such Hamiltonians is performed.They correspond to the pseudo-Hermitian supersymmetric systems of the boson-phermion oscillators.We extend the supercoherent states formalism to such supersymmetic systems via the pseudo-unitary supersymmetric displacement operator method.The constructed family of these supercoherent states consists of two dual subfamilies that form a bi-overcomplete and bi-normal system in the boson-phermion Fock space.The states of each subfamily are eigenvectors of the boson annihilation operator and of one of the two phermion lowering operators.

Coherent states (CS) for non-Hermitian systems are introduced as eigenstates of pseudo-Hermitian boson annihilation operators. The set of these CS includes two subsets which form bi-normalized and bi-overcomplete system of states. The subsets consist of eigenstates of two complementary lowering pseudo-Hermitian boson operators. Explicit constructions are provided on the example of one-parameter family of pseudo-boson ladder operators. The wave functions of the eigenstates of the two complementary number operators, which form a bi-orthonormal system of Fock states, are found to be proportional to new polynomials, that are bi-orthogonal and can be regarded as a generalization of standard Hermite polynomials.

Coherent states (CS) for non-Hermitian systems are introduced as eigenstates of pseudo-Hermitian boson annihilation operators. The set of these CS includes two subsets which form bi-normalized and bi-overcomplete system of states. The subsets consist of eigenstates of two complementary lowering pseudo-Hermitian boson operators. Explicit constructions are provided on the example of one-parameter family of pseudo-boson ladder operators. The wave functions of the eigenstates of the two complementary number operators, which form a bi-orthonormal system of Fock states, are found to be proportional to new polynomials, that are bi-orthogonal and can be regarded as a generalization of standard Hermite polynomials.

We show that the metric operator for a pseudo-supersymmetric Hamiltonian that has at least one negative real eigenvalue is necessarily indefinite. We introduce pseudo-Hermitian fermion (phermion) and abnormal phermion algebras and provide a pair of basic realizations of the algebra of N = 2 pseudo-supersymmetric quantum mechanics in which pseudo-supersymmetry is identified with either a boson-phermion or a boson-abnormal-phermion exchange symmetry. We further establish the physical equivalence (non-equivalence) of phermions (abnormal phermions) with ordinary fermions, describe the underlying Lie algebras and study multi-particle systems of abnormal phermions. The latter provides a certain bosonization of multi-fermion systems.

A method to construct a non-Dirac–Hermitian supersymmetric quantum system that is isospectral with a Dirac–Hermitian Hamiltonian is presented. The general technique involves a realization of the basic canonical (anti-)commutation relations involving both bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom in terms of non-Dirac–Hermitian operators which are Hermitian in a Hilbert space that is endowed with a pre-determined positive-definite metric. A pseudo-Hermitian realization of the Clifford algebra for a pre-determined positive-definite metric is used to construct supersymmetric systems with one or many degrees of freedom. It is shown that exactly solvable non-Dirac–Hermitian supersymmetric quantum systems can be constructed corresponding to each exactly solvable Dirac–Hermitian system. Examples of non-Dirac–Hermitian (i) non-relativistic Pauli Hamiltonian, (ii) super-conformal quantum system, and (iii) supersymmetric Calogero-type models admitting entirely real spectra are presented.

New non Hermitian Hamiltonians are generated, as isospectral partners of the generalized Swanson model, viz., , where α, β are real constants, with α ≠ β, and and are generalized creation and annihilation operators. It is shown that the initial Hamiltonian H − , and its partner H + , are related by pseudo supersymmetry, and they share all the eigen energies except for the ground state. This pseudo supersymmetric extension enlarges the class of non Hermitian Hamiltonians H ± , related to their respective Hermitian counterparts h ± , through the same similarity transformation operator ρ: H ± = ρ −1 h ± ρ. The formalism is applied to the entire class of shape-invariant models.