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arXiv:1902.11188

Efficient Controlled Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication using entanglement swapping in a network

Moein Sarvaghad-Moghaddam

Published Feb 28, 2019• 1 citation
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Abstract

In this paper, a novel controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol (CBQSDC) is proposed. In this scheme, both users can transmit their secret messages directly and simultaneously under the permission of the controller. The proposed method use feature of entanglement swapping which is led to more efficiency (lowest number of quantum resources (EPR pairs)), security and the lowest number of security checking steps. Also, a generalization of the protocol is explained and a protocol of CBQSDC-based network is presented.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1902.11188

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In this paper, a novel controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol (CBQSDC) is proposed. In this scheme, both users can transmit their secret messages directly and simultaneously under the permission of the controller. The proposed method use feature of entanglement swapping which is led to more efficiency (lowest number of quantum resources (EPR pairs)), security and the lowest number of security checking steps. Also, a generalization of the protocol is explained and a protocol of CBQSDC-based network is presented.
In this paper, a novel controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol (CBQSDC) is proposed. In this scheme, both users can transmit their secret messages directly and simultaneously under the permission of the controller. The proposed method use feature of entanglement swapping which is led to more efficiency (lowest number of quantum resources (EPR pairs)), security and the lowest number of security checking steps. Also, a generalization of the protocol is explained and a protocol of CBQSDC-based network is presented.
Abstract Controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (CBQSDC) is an important research direction in quantum secure direct communication. It can enable two legitimate users to confidentially exchange secret messages only with the permission of the controller. In many practical scenarios, CBQSDC needs to avoid the controller from obtaining useful information on the secret messages. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce the concept of controller independent controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (CICBQSDC) that has a controller to control the communication but restricts the controller to obtain useful information on the secret messages. In other words, we only require the controller of CICBQSDC to cooperate, not to be trusted. In addition, a novel CICBQSDC protocol is constructed. To make CICBQSDC protocols have broad application scenarios, we point out that they need to avoid four security problems: the information leakage problem, the problem of violating simultaneity, the problem of communication not being controlled, and the problem of controllers stealing secret information. Furthermore, we show that the constructed CICBQSDC protocol can avoid the four security problems. Moreover, the unconditional security of the constructed CICBQSDC protocol is demonstrated in the asymptotic scenario.
In light of a quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) scheme using entanglement swapping [Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 (2005) 18], by introducing additional local operations for encoding, we propose a bidirectional QSDC (BQSDC) protocol, in which two legitimate users can simultaneously exchange their respective messages. The rule for the users to retrieve his/her partner's messages is derived explicitly in the most general case. Eve's commonly used attack method has been discussed and can be detected with the security checking process.
In this paper, a bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs and entanglement swapping is proposed. In this scheme, two users can simultaneously transmit an unknown single-qubit state to each other. The implementation of the proposed scheme is easier in experiment as compared to previous work. By utilizing this bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol, a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication scheme without carrying secret message is presented. Therefore, in the case of using perfect quantum channel, the protocol is completely secure. Finally, security analyses are investigated.
In this letter, a multi-user controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication network protocol is suggested based on classical exclusive-or operation and quantum entanglement. In this protocol, four users can securely exchange their secret massages two by two, under the permission of a controller. The quantum channel is only used for sharing the qubits, and no encoded photons are transmitted via the quantum channel. This protocol is unconditionally secure and has higher efficiency than the previous ones.