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arXiv:1812.08511

Improvement of photovoltaic efficiency by Fano coherence

Dong Sun, Long, Hui, Hong‐Yi Lin, Yuri V. Rostovtsev

Published Dec 20, 2018• 0 citations
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Abstract

We show that Fano resonance in the decay channels of a three-level system can lead to considerably absorption enhancement and emission suppression. We found that a coherence built up in the ground doublet states, with strength depending on a coupling parameter that arises from the Fano interference, can in principle lead to breaking of the detail balance between the absorption and emission processes in atomic systems.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1812.08511

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We show that Fano resonance in the decay channels of a three-level system can lead to considerably absorption enhancement and emission suppression. We found that a coherence built up in the ground doublet states, with strength depending on a coupling parameter that arises from the Fano interference, can in principle lead to breaking of the detail balance between the absorption and emission processes in atomic systems.
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Quantum coherence offers potential for energy conversion technologies. It influences light absorption and emission, affecting energy conversion limits and efficiency. As a result, quantum coherence is being harnessed to boost performance in quantum heat engines, photocells, and photosynthetic-inspired platforms. Of particular interest in this context is the generation of Fano coherences, i.e., the formation of quantum coherences due to the interaction with the continuum of modes characterizing an incoherent process. We aim to formalize mathematically the possibility of achieving steady-state Fano coherence in a V-type three-level quantum system using polarized incoherent radiation, without requiring the energy difference between the excited levels to tend to zero. We perform this analysis by deriving the Bloch-Redfield equation from first-principles by quantizing the incoherent radiation. The resulting reduced dynamics of the system are analysed, so as to determine the lifetime of Fano coherence and identify the conditions under which it becomes stationary. We characterise distinct dynamical regimes, ranging from weak to strong pumping, in which steady-state Fano coherence emerges, and we quantitatively determine its magnitude. For each regime, we analyse the generation of Fano coherence as a function of both the intensity of the incoherent pumping and the energy splitting between the excited levels. We also assess how obtaining Fano coherence is modified by symmetric or asymmetric decay rates. These findings indicate that a three-level quantum system driven by polarized incoherent light can act as a robust resource for coherence-assisted energy conversion and storage. Finally, we discuss the experimental challenges associated with the implementation of the proposed model using an ensemble of Rubidium atoms.
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We show that a V\mathsf{V}V-type three-level system with additional coherence due to a static magnetic field coupling the two excited levels displays peculiar interference effects which can be controlled through the magnetic-field strength. In particular, emission suppression and trapping of the population in a nondecaying state can be obtained.