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arXiv:1312.4671 · Optics Express

Goos-Hänchen-like shift of three-level matter wave incident on Raman beams

Zhenglu Duan, Liyun Hu, Xue-xiang Xu, Cunjin Liu

Published Jul 14, 2014• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

When a three-level atomic wavepacket is obliquely incident on a "medium slab" consisting of two far-detuned laser beams, there exists lateral shift between reflection and incident points at the surface of a "medium slab", analogous to optical Goos-Hänchen effect. We evaluate lateral shifts for reflected and transmitted waves via expansion of reflection and transmission coefficients, in contrast to the stationary phase method. Results show that lateral shifts can be either positive or negative dependent on the incident angle and the atomic internal state. Interestingly, a giant lateral shift of transmitted wave with high transmission probability is observed, which is helpful to observe such lateral shifts experimentally. Different from the two-level atomic wave case, we find that quantum interference between different atomic states plays crucial role on the transmission intensity and corresponding lateral shifts.

DOI
10.1364/oe.22.017679

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When a three-level atomic wavepacket is obliquely incident on a "medium slab" consisting of two far-detuned laser beams, there exists lateral shift between reflection and incident points at the surface of a "medium slab", analogous to optical Goos-Hänchen effect. We evaluate lateral shifts for reflected and transmitted waves via expansion of reflection and transmission coefficients, in contrast to the stationary phase method. Results show that lateral shifts can be either positive or negative dependent on the incident angle and the atomic internal state. Interestingly, a giant lateral shift of transmitted wave with high transmission probability is observed, which is helpful to observe such lateral shifts experimentally. Different from the two-level atomic wave case, we find that quantum interference between different atomic states plays crucial role on the transmission intensity and corresponding lateral shifts.
We investigate the Goos-Hanchen-like lateral shift of a three-level atomic wavepacket obliquely impinging on the ”medium slab” made up of two super-Gaussian far-detuned laser beams. The lateral shifts are obtained by expansion of transmission and reflection coefficients, instead of stationary phase method. Numerical results show that the lateral shifts can be either positive or negative dependent on the incident angle and the atomic state. Importantly, we have observed a large lateral shift with a high transmission probability. Different from two-level atomic wavepacket case, quantum interference plays important roles in the transmission intensity and the corresponding lateral shifts of transmitted waves.
Abstract Birefringence of lateral Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift in reflection and transmission beams are investigated through four level chiral atomic medium. Significant positive and negative shifts in reflection and transmission birefringence beams are reported under the strength of driving fields. At resonance point, positive birefringent shifts of 2.8 λ and 2 λ are noted in reflection beams. The birefringence lateral GH-shift in transmission beams show contrast behaviors of −2 λ and −2.8 λ at resonance point. A 30% fractional change in birefringent reflection and transmission beams with GH-shift are investigated. These results will play a vital role in the modification of optical heterodyne sensors technology, cloaking devices, image coding, integrated optical technologies and telecom industry.
In conventional optics for light waves, the pioneering work by Goos-Hänchen in 1947 on the lateral shift (or displacement) of a light beam along the surface of a dielectric boundary under the condition of total reflection has stimulated a large number of studies. The key physics behind the Goos-Hänchen shift is the nature of wave interference. From the perspective of wave optics, the incident beam of a finite transverse width can be viewed as composed of plane wave components, each of which has a slightly different transverse wavevector. Each wave component, after the total internal reflection, undergoes a different phase shift, and the superposition of all the reflected wave components gives rise to the lateral shift of the intensity peak in the reflected beam.
The behavior of the Goos-Hanchen (GH) shifts in the reflected and transmitted light beam which is incident on a cavity containing an intracavity medium of three-level or four-level atoms with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is discussed. We report a coherent control of the GH shift in a fixed configuration or device via superluminal and subluminal wave propagation. For superluminal wave propagation, we observe negative GH shifts in the reflected part of the incident light whereas the shifts are positive in the transmitted light beam. This corresponds to the negative group index of the cavity in the former case and positive group index of the cavity in the latter. For subluminal wave propagation, the behavior of the GH shifts in the reflected light changes and positive shifts appear
This paper hints at the Goos-Hänchen shift properties of a cavity containing an ensemble of atoms using a four-level atomic system involving a Rydberg state. By means of the stationary phase theory and density matrix formalism in quantum optics, we study theoretically the Goos-Hänchen shifts in both reflected and transmitted light beams. It is realized that as a result of the interaction between Rydberg and excited states in such a four-level atom-light coupling scheme the maximum positive and negative Goos-Hänchen shifts can be obtained in reflected and transmitted light beams owning to the effect of the Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or Rydberg electromagnetically induced absorption. In particular, when the switching field is absent and the Rydberg EIT is dominant in the medium, a giant Goos-Hänchen shift can be achieved for both reflected and transmitted light beams.
We consider the propagation of a matter wave packet of two-level atoms through a square potential created by a super-Gaussian laser beam. We explore the matter wave analog of Goos-H\"anchen shift within the framework of atom optics where the roles of atom and light are exchanged with respect to conventional optics. Using a vector theory, where atoms are treated as particles possessing two internal spin components, we show that not only large negative but also large positive Goos-H\"anchen shifts can occur in the reflected atomic beam.