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Physica Scripta

Birefringent lateral Goos-Hänchen effect through chiral medium

Sajid Ullah Khan, Saleh Muhammad, Bakht Amin Bacha, Umer Wahid

Published Jul 23, 2020• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Birefringence of lateral Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift in reflection and transmission beams are investigated through four level chiral atomic medium. Significant positive and negative shifts in reflection and transmission birefringence beams are reported under the strength of driving fields. At resonance point, positive birefringent shifts of 2.8 λ and 2 λ are noted in reflection beams. The birefringence lateral GH-shift in transmission beams show contrast behaviors of −2 λ and −2.8 λ at resonance point. A 30% fractional change in birefringent reflection and transmission beams with GH-shift are investigated. These results will play a vital role in the modification of optical heterodyne sensors technology, cloaking devices, image coding, integrated optical technologies and telecom industry.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/aba8c4

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Abstract Birefringence of lateral Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift in reflection and transmission beams are investigated through four level chiral atomic medium. Significant positive and negative shifts in reflection and transmission birefringence beams are reported under the strength of driving fields. At resonance point, positive birefringent shifts of 2.8 λ and 2 λ are noted in reflection beams. The birefringence lateral GH-shift in transmission beams show contrast behaviors of −2 λ and −2.8 λ at resonance point. A 30% fractional change in birefringent reflection and transmission beams with GH-shift are investigated. These results will play a vital role in the modification of optical heterodyne sensors technology, cloaking devices, image coding, integrated optical technologies and telecom industry.
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The birefringence of reflection and transmission as well as their corresponding Goos–Hänchen shifts are investigated with complex conductivity in a four level chiral atomic medium. The left circularly polarized (LCP) beam and right circularly polarized (RCP) beam obey the normalization condition ∣R(R,L)∣+∣T(R,L)∣=1|R^{(R,L)}|+|T^{(R,L)}|=1∣R(R,L)∣+∣T(R,L)∣=1 with forward and backward currents as well as coupled driving fields parameters at the interface of a lossy chiral medium of ∣A(R,L)∣≃0|A^{(R,L)}|\simeq 0∣A(R,L)∣≃0 and polystyrene. For the birefringent transmission, the positive GH-shifts are reported while for the birefringent reflection, the negative GH-shifts are measured. The maximum GH-shift in reflections of RCP and LCP beams is measured to Sr(R,L)=−10λS^{(R,L)}_{r}=-10\lambdaSr(R,L)​=−10λ and that in the transmission is measured to St(R,L)=10λS^{(R,L)}_{t}=10\lambdaSt(R,L)​=10λ with forward and backward currents of complex conductivity. Furthermore, maximum values of GH-shifts in reflection and transmission of LCP beams are calculated to ±40λ\pm 40\lambda±40λ and RCP beams are calculated to ±10λ\pm 10\lambda±10λ with control field Rabi frequency and backward current variation. The results indicate possible uses in the designing of optical and conductive sensors.
A four level chiral medium is considered to analyze and investigate theoretically the reflection/transmission coefficients of right circularly polarized (RCP) beam and left circularly polarized (LCP) beam as well as their corresponding GH-shifts under the effect of compton scattering. Density matrix formalism is used for calculation of electric and magnetic probe fields coherence. The polarization and magnetization are calculated from probes coherence terms in the chiral medium. The electric and magnetic susceptibilities as well as chiral coefficients are related with polarization and magnetization. The refractive indices of RCP and LCP beams under compton scattering effect is modified from the electric/magnetic susceptibilities, chiral coefficients, mass and charge of electron as well as compton scattering angle. The giant positive and negative birefringent Goos–Hänchen (GH) shifts in reflection and transmission beams are investigated in this manuscript under Compton scattering effect. The RCP and LCP beams obey the normalization condition ∣R(+,−)∣+∣T(+,−)∣=1|R^{(+,-)}|+|T^{(+,-)}|=1∣R(+,−)∣+∣T(+,−)∣=1 at the interface of a lossy chiral medium of ∣A(+,−)∣≃0|A^{(+,-)}|\simeq 0∣A(+,−)∣≃0 and a thin sheet of balsa wood under the effect of compton scattering angle, incident angle, probe field detuning, control field Rabi frequency, phases of electric and magnetic fields and phase of superposition states. Significant positive/negative giant GH-shifts in reflection and transmission beams are investigated. The results show potential applications in modification of cloaking devices, image coding, polarizing filters and LCD displays.
Abstract The birefringence characteristics of reflection and transmission of light pulse are explored in chiral medium driving by two probe electric and magnetic fields, while four control fields. The proposed medium show significant birefringence behaviors in reflection/transmission and Goos-Hänchen (GH) shifted beams. The birefringent GH-reflected and GH-transmitted pulses show significant contribution in the space time gap creation for secure communication and invisibility. A space-time gap has been observed in the reflection, transmission and corresponding GH-shifted reflection and transmission birefringent beams. The theoretical results may be useful for noise free secure communication in invisible radar technology.
The susceptibility of a two-level atomic medium enclosed in a cavity is controlled and modified by a control driving field and cavity coupling. The susceptibility of the medium is related to the dielectric function, and reflection & transmission coefficients. The transmission and reflection coefficients are related to Goos–Hänchen Shifts in the reflection and transmission beam. Negative and positive lateral GH-shifts, and Giant shifts in the transmission and reflection beams are investigated under the effect of cavity coupling and Kerr nonlinearity. A giant shift of 2000λ in the reflection and 1000λ in the transmission beam is calculated. It is clear that both modified Giant shifts and lateral shifts are influenced by changes in the refractive index. So it will have potential applications in sensing and trapping of the optical data. The controlled and considerably enhanced GH shift show the importance of utilizing the proposed scheme for the construction of optical sensors and optical devices.