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Waves in Random and Complex Media

Enhancement of lateral shifts by Kerr nonlinearity, via atom cavity coupling

Muhammad Uzair, Muhammad Haneef, Humayun Khan, Jehan Akbar, Abir Mouldi, Hassen Loukil

Published May 24, 2024• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The susceptibility of a two-level atomic medium enclosed in a cavity is controlled and modified by a control driving field and cavity coupling. The susceptibility of the medium is related to the dielectric function, and reflection & transmission coefficients. The transmission and reflection coefficients are related to Goos–Hänchen Shifts in the reflection and transmission beam. Negative and positive lateral GH-shifts, and Giant shifts in the transmission and reflection beams are investigated under the effect of cavity coupling and Kerr nonlinearity. A giant shift of 2000λ in the reflection and 1000λ in the transmission beam is calculated. It is clear that both modified Giant shifts and lateral shifts are influenced by changes in the refractive index. So it will have potential applications in sensing and trapping of the optical data. The controlled and considerably enhanced GH shift show the importance of utilizing the proposed scheme for the construction of optical sensors and optical devices.

DOI
10.1080/17455030.2024.2356791

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The susceptibility of a two-level atomic medium enclosed in a cavity is controlled and modified by a control driving field and cavity coupling. The susceptibility of the medium is related to the dielectric function, and reflection & transmission coefficients. The transmission and reflection coefficients are related to Goos–Hänchen Shifts in the reflection and transmission beam. Negative and positive lateral GH-shifts, and Giant shifts in the transmission and reflection beams are investigated under the effect of cavity coupling and Kerr nonlinearity. A giant shift of 2000λ in the reflection and 1000λ in the transmission beam is calculated. It is clear that both modified Giant shifts and lateral shifts are influenced by changes in the refractive index. So it will have potential applications in sensing and trapping of the optical data. The controlled and considerably enhanced GH shift show the importance of utilizing the proposed scheme for the construction of optical sensors and optical devices.
Abstract In this work, a four-level sodium atomic medium coupled to a single mode cavity is used to investigate the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift. Using collective phase of the control fields and intensity of Rabi oscillation, the positive as well as negative GH-shift in transmission and reflection beams are examined. In the transmission beam, a maximum GH-shift of ±6λ is observed. Furthermore, GH-shift in both reflection and transmission beams in a four-level sodium atomic medium is significantly enhanced by photon number density as well as by the cavity coupling strength. By varying the collective phase of the control fields and the probe field frequency, GH-shift in reflection exhibits a maximum value of ±2λ. Our findings may open up significant applications in micro-optics, sensers, photonic crystals and nano processor technology.
We propose a scheme to modify the susceptibility of a two-level coherently driven atomic medium enclosed inside a cavity and to enhance the Goos–Hänchen shift of a probe field via atom–cavity coupling and their detuning. The numerical simulation of the analytical results show that a suitably designed cavity leads to transparency windows both under off- and on-resonance conditions of the probe field. The scheme leads to considerably enhanced lateral shifts, of the order of 760 times the wavelength used, both positive and negative in the transmitted and reflected beams.
Abstract We present a new scheme to report on the effects of a five-level chiral atomic medium on the lateral Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in Gaussian probe beams via Kerr nonlinearity (KNL) and local field effects. The physical realization of birefringence in absorption, dispersion, reflection and transmission beams is investigated, with special emphasis on the manipulation of absolute and fractional change in lateral GH shifts in birefringence transmission and reflection beams, via local fields and Kerr nonlinearity. We have employed a semiclassical atomic density-matrix formalism so as to obtain the expression for electric and magnetic susceptibilities of the chiral medium and the corresponding chirality coefficients in conjunction with Kerr and local fields, both separately and in combination. Stationary-phase theory is used to compute GH shift from the calculated birefringent reflection and transmission coefficients of probe beams. A negative and positive GH shift is observed in reflection and transmission beams, respectively, subjected to local field and Kerr effect. In contrast, a positive GH shift is observed in both reflection and transmission beams in the presence of both local field and Kerr effects. The local and Kerr fields also alter the divergence angle between left and right circularly polarized birefringence beams. GH shift depends on incident angle and probe detuning. The anisotropy of medium is lessened by switching ON the Kerr field in the medium. We observed a positive fractional change of ±30% in the GH shift in the birefringence reflection beam in the presence of a local field without KNL, while a 20% fractional GH shift was observed in the presence of both local field and KNL effects. Our results suggest promising applications in nonlinear optical, plasmonic and biophotonic devices for the manipulation of light propagation and optical signal processing.
The influence of spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) on the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in the reflected light is presented. A weak probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level gaseous atomic medium consist of 85Rb atoms. The atom–field interaction follows electromagnetically induced transparency configuration, and the SGC modifies the dispersion and absorption properties of a system [Y. Niu and S. Gong, Phys. Rev. A 73, 053811 (2006)]. The SGC enhances the Kerr nonlinearity which leads to giant negative and positive GH shifts in the reflected light. Further, the control of negative and positive GH shifts is achieved via manipulation of probe field detuning.
Abstract Birefringence of lateral Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift in reflection and transmission beams are investigated through four level chiral atomic medium. Significant positive and negative shifts in reflection and transmission birefringence beams are reported under the strength of driving fields. At resonance point, positive birefringent shifts of 2.8 λ and 2 λ are noted in reflection beams. The birefringence lateral GH-shift in transmission beams show contrast behaviors of −2 λ and −2.8 λ at resonance point. A 30% fractional change in birefringent reflection and transmission beams with GH-shift are investigated. These results will play a vital role in the modification of optical heterodyne sensors technology, cloaking devices, image coding, integrated optical technologies and telecom industry.
The influence of the Kerr nonlinearity on the group index of a dispersive intracavity medium is revisited using a Raman gain based scheme to obtain amplitude control of the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in the reflected light. The intracavity medium exhibits a Raman gain process which is accompanied by anomalous dispersion, i.e., superluminal pulse propagation (Dogariu et al 2000 Nature 406 277). In the presence of a Kerr field, the gain–dispersion properties of the intracavity medium are modified, which leads to enhancement in the positive and negative group indices of the medium. The behavior of the GH shift in the reflected light due to the enhancement in the group indices in the presence of the Kerr field is investigated, and relatively large positive and negative GH shifts can be obtained.