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arXiv:1011.4862 · Physica Scripta

Entanglement dynamics of two independent cavity-embedded quantum dots

Bruno Bellomo, Giuseppe Compagno, Rosario Lo Franco, A. Ridolfo, Salvatore Savasta

Published Feb 1, 2011• 28 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the dynamical behavior of entanglement in a system made of two solid-state emitters, as two quantum dots, embedded in two separated microcavities. In these solid-state systems, in addition to the coupling with the cavity mode, the emitter is coupled to a continuum of leaky modes providing additional losses and is also subjected to a phonon-induced pure dephasing mechanism. We model this physical configuration as a multipartite system composed of two independent parts each containing a qubit embedded in a single-mode cavity, exposed to cavity losses, spontaneous emission and pure dephasing. We study the time evolution of entanglement of this multipartite open system, finally applying this theoretical framework to the case of currently available solid-state quantum dots in microcavities.

DOI
10.1088/0031-8949/2011/t143/014004

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Entanglement of quantum systems is a key aspect to understanding the dynamics and behavior of mixed systems (density matrix) as bipartite quantum bits (qubits).Thus we need to have a reliable and accurate way to measure the entanglement degree of the system, i.e., how it evolves, so that raises several approaches to meet these demands.A quantifiable measure widely used is the "entanglement of formation" of a mixed state, defined as the minimum number required of "singlets" to create a set of pure states that represents the density matrix of the system.In this paper we consider a system of two semiconductor quantum dots embedded in its own cavity and coupled to the internal mode field of cavity type Jaynes-Cummings.The entanglement between the two quantum dots is investigated, and we show analytically that entanglement has very interesting, effects such as time evolution including the effect called sudden death.
The influence of pure dephasing on the dynamics of the coupling between a two-level atom and a cavity mode is systematically addressed. We have derived an effective atom-cavity coupling rate that is shown to be a key parameter in the physics of the problem, allowing to generalize the known expression for the Purcell factor to the case of broad emitters, and to define strategies to optimize the performances of broad emitter-based single-photon sources. Moreover, pure dephasing is shown to be able to restore lasing in presence of detuning, a further demonstration that decoherence can be seen as a fundamental resource in solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics, offering appealing perspectives in the context of advanced nanophotonic devices. We propose experimental strategies to develop a versatile device that can be operated either as a single-photon source or as a laser, based on the control by decoherence of the coupling between a single quantum dot and a solid-state cavity.