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Generation of a two photon entangled states from a quantum dot embedded in a microcavity

Jitendra Kumar Verma, Pradyumna K. Pathak

Published Dec 27, 2017• 0 citations
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Abstract

We propose methods for generating entangled two photon state. Where, a single quantum dot is embedded in a photonic microcavity having two orthogonal modes. The quantum dot is off- resonantly coupled to the cavity through phonon mediated coupling. The emitted photons are entangled either in polarization degrees of freedom or in numbers. We also discuss effect of exciton- phonon coupling on entanglement.

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We propose methods for generating entangled two photon state. Where, a single quantum dot is embedded in a photonic microcavity having two orthogonal modes. The quantum dot is off- resonantly coupled to the cavity through phonon mediated coupling. The emitted photons are entangled either in polarization degrees of freedom or in numbers. We also discuss effect of exciton- phonon coupling on entanglement.
We discuss generation of two types of entangled states of two photons: noon state, which is entangled in number and polarization, and polarization-entangled state, which is entangled in polarization and frequency. We consider a single quantum dot coupled with a bimodal cavity in a strong coupling regime. We analyze the effect of exciton–phonon coupling on concurrence of the generated entangled states. We find that for both states, concurrence is maximum in the absence of an anisotropic energy gap between exciton states and remains unchanged in the presence of exciton–phonon coupling. However, for finite anisotropic, energy gap concurrence decreases with increasing temperature of the phonon bath.
We discuss the generation of two types of entangled state of two photons-- noon state which is entangled in number and polarization, and polarization entangled state which is entangled in polarization and frequency. We consider a single quantum dot coupled with a bimodal cavity in strong coupling regime. We analyze the effect of exciton-phonon coupling on the concurrence of the generated entangled states. We find that for both states concurrence is maximum in the absence of the anisotropic energy gap between exciton states and remains unchanged in the presence of exciton-phonon coupling. However, for finite anisotropic energy gap concurrence decreases on the increasing temperature of phonon bath.
Using a polaron master equation approach, we investigate the cooperative two-photon resonance behavior between two modes of a field inside a semiconductor microcavity containing two quantum dots. The cooperative two-mode two-photon resonance occurs when two off-resonant quantum dots, initially prepared in exciton states, emit one photon in each cavity mode and deexcite simultaneously. Using this two-photon two-mode interaction, we demonstrate how to generate an entangled state of two qutrits (tripartite unit of quantum information). The bases for the qutrits are formed by the states of the cavity modes containing zero, one, and two photons. We also study the effect of exciton-phonon coupling on the entanglement and the probability of generating two-qutrit states, and explore the role of the phonon bath temperature.
We show unusual cooperative two-photon resonance between two-modes of field inside a photonic crystal cavity. The two-photon resonance occurs when two off resonant quantum dots emit one photon in each cavity mode and de-excite simultaneously. In the presence of phonon coupling the conditions for two-photon resonance change significantly. Using such two-photon two-mode interaction we propose to generate entangled state of two qutrits. The basis of a qutrit are formed by the state of the cavity mode containing 000, 111 and 222 photons. We also discuss effect of phonon coupling on negativity of the generated entangled state.
We propose a scheme that allows generation of the Bell and WWW-type entangled states of excitons in quantum dots confined in a single-mode microcavity. It is shown that the entanglement of excitons can be generated when the photons leaking out of the cavity are detected by photon counter. The effect of environmental temperature on the entanglement of excitonic states is also studied.
We present a scheme for the fast generation of entangled photons from a single quantum dot coupled to a planar photonic crystal that support two orthogonally polarized cavity modes. We discuss ``within generation'' and ``across generation'' of entangled photons when both biexciton to exciton, and exciton to ground state transitions, are coupled through cavity modes. In the across generation, the photon entanglement is restored through a time delay between the photons. The two photon concurrence, which is a measure of entanglement, is greater than 0.7 and 0.8 using experimentally achievable parameters in across generation and within generation, respectively. We also show that the entanglement can be distilled in both cases using a simple spectral filter.