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arXiv:0705.2494 · Old and New Concepts of Physics

Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory and Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle

Alexander Yu. Kamenshchik, Oleg V Teryaev

Published Oct 1, 2008• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely improbable. The Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle suggested here is aimed to explain appearance of such events which are necessary for emergence of Life and Mind. It is complementary to Cosmological Anthropic Principle explaining the fine tuning of fundamental constants. We briefly discuss various possible applications of Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle including the Solar Eclipses and assembling of complex molecules. Besides, we address the problem of Time's Arrow in the framework of Many-World Interpretation. We suggest the recipe for disentangling of quantities defined by fundamental physical laws and by an anthropic selection.

DOI
10.2478/v10005-007-0045-4

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We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely improbable. The Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle suggested here is aimed to explain appearance of such events which are necessary for emergence of Life and Mind. It is complementary to Cosmological Anthropic Principle explaining the fine tuning of fundamental constants. We briefly discuss various possible applications of Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle including the Solar Eclipses and assembling of complex molecules. Besides, we address the problem of Time's Arrow in the framework of Many-World Interpretation. We suggest the recipe for disentangling of quantities defined by fundamental physical laws and by an anthropic selection.
We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory.Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely improbable.The Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle suggested here is aimed to explain appearance of such events which are necessary for emergence of Life and Mind.It is complementary to the Cosmological Anthropic Principle explaining the fine tuning of fundamental constants.We briefly discuss various possible applications of the Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle including the Solar Eclipses and assembling of complex molecules.Besides, we address the problem of Time's Arrow in the framework of the Many-Worlds Interpretation.We suggest the recipe for disentangling of quantities defined by fundamental physical laws and by an anthropic selection.The main emphasis is made on the problem of the biological evolution.
Abstract Distinguish contingency in general from anthropic contingency. The former is what really could happen; the latter is what really could be observed to happen. Quantum histories which host no life cannot, as a matter of obvious necessity, be observed. This distinction generates an anthropic observation selection effect, which has been employed in response to the fine-tuning argument for the design hypothesis. This chapter argues that fine-tuning is a genuine phenomenon that cries out for explanation; that in one-world approaches to quantum theory a chancy determination of cosmological parameters would render the one universe we are in preposterously lucky; that no preposterous luck is required from the perspective of quantum modal realism; and that the correct interpretation of quantum mechanics turns out to have a significant evidential bearing on the design question.
Abstract. The problem of interpreting quantum theory on a large (e.g. cosmological) scale has been commonly conceived as a search for objective reality in a framework that is fundamentally probabilistic. The Everett programme attempts to evade the issue by the reintroduction of determinism at the global level of a “state vector of the universe”. The present approach is based on the recognition that, like determinism, objective reality is an unrealistic objective. It is shown how an objective theory of an essentially subjective reality can be set up using an appropriately weighted probability measure on the relevant set of Hilbert subspaces. It is suggested that an entropy principle (superseding the weak anthropic principle) should be used to provide the weighting that is needed. Text for exposition presented at Interdisciplinary Colloquium “La Philosophie de la
This paper investigates the physical, experimentable, reality of multiple worlds of Quantum Mechanics. On the basis of a reflection on the fundamental principles of physics (sec. I.A), firmly rejecting the incomprehension imperative often associated with Quantum Mechanics (sec. I.B), and strongly relying on an experimental methodology (sec. I.B) and on the superposition principle, we propose a unified interpretation of quantum physics (sec. II), the potential world modal interpretation. This framework makes multiple-world and pilot-wave interpretations converge. It also clarifies the concepts of potential world and sub-quantical potential particle. Then, we turn to Relativity and sketch out an emergence of Special Relativity without "rods and clocks" (sec. III.A) providing a cinematic and phenomenal interpretation of SR. We suggest to distinguish between given and received gravitation and reason on it at a sub-quantical level (sec. III.B) and formulate the hypothesis that weight is active between potential worlds (sec. III.C). If this effect follows the von Neumann chain, it should be observable with available techniques (sec. III.D). If correct, this hypothesis could contribute explanations for cosmic inflation, dark matter and the cosmological constant problem (sec. IV). Moreover, our cinematic interpretation of relativity in an expanding universe might lead to a justification of the MOND theory (sec. IV.B.3).
The main aspects connected with the many-worlds interpretation of quantum theory are discussed in the article. A possible relation of the interpretation with fundamental biological problems is emphasized. The context of the many-worlds interpretation is discussed in the frames of the so-called “wave function reduction” problem. Thus, some difficulties that arise when we try to imagine how a wave function is reduced in the many-worlds interpretation, are focused on. It is shown that explanations suggested by now as to how the “wave function reduction” happens cannot claim to be the final answer to this question, even though they are not formally contradictory.
Introduction As a prescription for ascribing a priori probability weightings to the eventuality of finding oneself in the position of particular conceivable observers, the anthropic principle was originally developed for application to problems of cosmology [1] and biology [2]. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a self-contained introductory account of the motivation and reasoning underlying the recent development [3] of a more refined version of the anthropic principle that is needed for the provision of a coherent interpretation of quantum theory. In order to describe ordinary laboratory applications, it is commonly convenient, and entirely adequate, to use a ‘Copenhagen’ type representation, in which a Hilbert state vector undergoes ‘collapse’ when an observation is made. However, from a broader perspective it is rather generally recognized that such a collapse cannot correspond to any actual physical process. A leading school of thought on this subject was founded by Everett [4], who maintained the principle of the physical reality of the Hilbert state, and deduced that — in view of the agreement that no physical collapse process occurs — none of the ensuing branch channels can be ‘more real than the rest’. This was despite the paradox posed by the necessity that they be characterized by different (my italics) ‘weightings’, the nature of which was never satisfactorily explained. This intellectual flaw in the Everett doctrine was commonly overlooked, not so much by its adherents, who were seriously concerned about it [5], as by its opponents, who were upset by its revolutionary ‘multi-universe’ implications.