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arXiv:1302.5545 · NeuroQuantology

Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory, Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle and Biological Evolution

Alexander Yu. Kamenshchik, Oleg V Teryaev

Published Feb 22, 2013• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory.Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely improbable.The Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle suggested here is aimed to explain appearance of such events which are necessary for emergence of Life and Mind.It is complementary to the Cosmological Anthropic Principle explaining the fine tuning of fundamental constants.We briefly discuss various possible applications of the Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle including the Solar Eclipses and assembling of complex molecules.Besides, we address the problem of Time's Arrow in the framework of the Many-Worlds Interpretation.We suggest the recipe for disentangling of quantities defined by fundamental physical laws and by an anthropic selection.The main emphasis is made on the problem of the biological evolution.

DOI
10.14704/nq.2013.11.1.648

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We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory.Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely improbable.The Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle suggested here is aimed to explain appearance of such events which are necessary for emergence of Life and Mind.It is complementary to the Cosmological Anthropic Principle explaining the fine tuning of fundamental constants.We briefly discuss various possible applications of the Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle including the Solar Eclipses and assembling of complex molecules.Besides, we address the problem of Time's Arrow in the framework of the Many-Worlds Interpretation.We suggest the recipe for disentangling of quantities defined by fundamental physical laws and by an anthropic selection.The main emphasis is made on the problem of the biological evolution.
We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely improbable. The Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle suggested here is aimed to explain appearance of such events which are necessary for emergence of Life and Mind. It is complementary to Cosmological Anthropic Principle explaining the fine tuning of fundamental constants. We briefly discuss various possible applications of Mesoscopic Anthropic Principle including the Solar Eclipses and assembling of complex molecules. Besides, we address the problem of Time's Arrow in the framework of Many-World Interpretation. We suggest the recipe for disentangling of quantities defined by fundamental physical laws and by an anthropic selection.
The main aspects connected with the many-worlds interpretation of quantum theory are discussed in the article. A possible relation of the interpretation with fundamental biological problems is emphasized. The context of the many-worlds interpretation is discussed in the frames of the so-called “wave function reduction” problem. Thus, some difficulties that arise when we try to imagine how a wave function is reduced in the many-worlds interpretation, are focused on. It is shown that explanations suggested by now as to how the “wave function reduction” happens cannot claim to be the final answer to this question, even though they are not formally contradictory.
Introduction As a prescription for ascribing a priori probability weightings to the eventuality of finding oneself in the position of particular conceivable observers, the anthropic principle was originally developed for application to problems of cosmology [1] and biology [2]. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a self-contained introductory account of the motivation and reasoning underlying the recent development [3] of a more refined version of the anthropic principle that is needed for the provision of a coherent interpretation of quantum theory. In order to describe ordinary laboratory applications, it is commonly convenient, and entirely adequate, to use a ‘Copenhagen’ type representation, in which a Hilbert state vector undergoes ‘collapse’ when an observation is made. However, from a broader perspective it is rather generally recognized that such a collapse cannot correspond to any actual physical process. A leading school of thought on this subject was founded by Everett [4], who maintained the principle of the physical reality of the Hilbert state, and deduced that — in view of the agreement that no physical collapse process occurs — none of the ensuing branch channels can be ‘more real than the rest’. This was despite the paradox posed by the necessity that they be characterized by different (my italics) ‘weightings’, the nature of which was never satisfactorily explained. This intellectual flaw in the Everett doctrine was commonly overlooked, not so much by its adherents, who were seriously concerned about it [5], as by its opponents, who were upset by its revolutionary ‘multi-universe’ implications.
Abstract Distinguish contingency in general from anthropic contingency. The former is what really could happen; the latter is what really could be observed to happen. Quantum histories which host no life cannot, as a matter of obvious necessity, be observed. This distinction generates an anthropic observation selection effect, which has been employed in response to the fine-tuning argument for the design hypothesis. This chapter argues that fine-tuning is a genuine phenomenon that cries out for explanation; that in one-world approaches to quantum theory a chancy determination of cosmological parameters would render the one universe we are in preposterously lucky; that no preposterous luck is required from the perspective of quantum modal realism; and that the correct interpretation of quantum mechanics turns out to have a significant evidential bearing on the design question.
Abstract. The problem of interpreting quantum theory on a large (e.g. cosmological) scale has been commonly conceived as a search for objective reality in a framework that is fundamentally probabilistic. The Everett programme attempts to evade the issue by the reintroduction of determinism at the global level of a “state vector of the universe”. The present approach is based on the recognition that, like determinism, objective reality is an unrealistic objective. It is shown how an objective theory of an essentially subjective reality can be set up using an appropriately weighted probability measure on the relevant set of Hilbert subspaces. It is suggested that an entropy principle (superseding the weak anthropic principle) should be used to provide the weighting that is needed. Text for exposition presented at Interdisciplinary Colloquium “La Philosophie de la
The modern version of the wave-function collapse in quantum mechanics is based on decoherence and leads to the multiverse interpretation of quantum mechanics. The decoherence causes the universe to develop an emergent branching structure. One can interpret the branching structure either as a tree structure or as parallel different histories. Time is not continuous since there are no measurable continuous in quantum physics. Notion of continuous range of possible values of time is just an idealization. The same goes with the direction of time that is a prior assumption based on the branching structure of the multiverse. The multiverse does not exist in external space nor time since there is nothing more beside it. The observer's mind should be not in a superposition with himself. Because of this, in the Many-minds interpretations it is argued that the distinction between worlds should be made at the level of the individual observer. The human bodies are in a superposition, but the minds have definite states that are never in superposition. All possible lives, personalities that do not violate the laws of physics are facts since they represent a valid history in the multiverse. We are one of this possible personalities. Our choices are defined by our personality explained to us by our mind, our consciousness is the unchangeable part of us. It is nonphysical and it senses the world. It does not interact with the brain in the other way beside it.