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arXiv:quant-ph/0607184 · Physical Review Letters

Spectroscopic Observation of the Rotational Doppler Effect

S. Barreiro, J. W. R. Tabosa, H. Failache, A. Lezama

Published Sep 12, 2006• 59 citations
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Abstract

We report on the first spectroscopic observation of the rotational Doppler shift associated with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum. The effect is evidenced as the broadening of a Hanle electromagnetically induced transparency coherence resonance on Rb vapor when the two incident Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams have opposite topological charges. The observations closely agree with theoretical predictions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.97.113601

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We report on the first spectroscopic observation of the rotational Doppler shift associated with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum. The effect is evidenced as the broadening of a Hanle electromagnetically induced transparency coherence resonance on Rb vapor when the two incident Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams have opposite topological charges. The observations closely agree with theoretical predictions.
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We measured the dependence of the linewidth of an electromagnetically induced transparency resonance on the angle between coupling and probe beams in an atomic cesium vapor. We observed that the nonparallelism of the beams contributes strongly to a broadening of the coherent resonance, even for small angles on the order of a few milliradians. A numerical calculation that agrees qualitatively with the experimental results is also presented. We discuss a possible application of the observed effect for performing cold-atom velocimetry.
Abstract The dependency of polarization rotation with electromagnetically induced transparency (PREIT) in 87 Rb vapor on the angular mismatch between the probe and the pump beams has been studied experimentally and theoretically for a V-type configuration. We have observed a nonlinear variation of the PREIT angle with the angular mismatch. The angular mismatch enhanced the residual Doppler broadening effect, as well as diminishes the two photon coherence contribution, in the medium. We have also systematically studied the effect of optical depth (OD) and the pump beam spot size variations to understand how the number of interacting atoms affect the two photon coherence contribution of the polarization rotation. The value of group velocity of the probe beam has been calculated from the experimentally observed spectrum. We have modeled a three-level V-type system to explain the experimentally observed phenomena by considering the effect of OD and spot size with angular mismatch in the medium. We have considered two-dimensional Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution to calculate the susceptibilities for all atoms of all velocity components. The characteristic variation of the angle of PREIT with the angular mismatch matches well with the experimentally observed result.
We present an experiment investigating the rotational Doppler effect using a single trapped ion excited by two copropagating vortex laser beams. The setup isolates the azimuthal gradients of the fields, eliminating longitudinal and curvature effects. We provide a detailed characterization of the phenomenon by deterministically positioning a single ion across the beams and measuring fluorescence spectra with sharp "dark resonances" whose features depend on the angular velocity of the ion and the difference of optical orbital angular momentum between the two beams. The interpretation of the measurements is supported by numerical simulations and by a simplified analytical model. Our results reveal key properties of the rotational Doppler effect, showing that it increases approaching the center of the beam and that it is independent of the waist of the beam. This offers insights into the feasibility of superkicks or super-Doppler shifts for sensing and manipulating atomic motion transverse to the beams' propagation direction.
We report on experimentally observed addition, subtraction, and cancellation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the process of parametric four-wave mixing that results in frequency up- and down-converted emission in Rb vapor. Specific features of OAM transfer from resonant laser fields with different optical topological charges to the spatially and temporally coherent blue light (CBL) have been considered. We have observed the conservation of OAM in nonlinear wave mixing in a wide range of experimental conditions, including a noncollinear geometry of the applied laser beams, and furthermore, that the CBL accumulates the total OAM of the applied laser light. Spectral and power dependences of vortex and plane wavefront blue light beams have been compared.