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arXiv:quant-ph/0607033

Strong light-matter coupling: parametric interactions in a cavity and free-space

Igor B. Mekhov, V. S. Egorov, Victor Lebedev, Peter Moroshkin, Чехонин Игорь Анатольевич, Sergei N Bagayev

Published Jul 5, 2006• 0 citations
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Abstract

We consider parametric interactions of laser pulses in a coherent macroscopic ensemble of resonant atoms, which are possible in the strong coupling regime of light-matter interaction. The spectrum condensation (lasing at collective vacuum Rabi sidebands) was studied in an active cavity configuration. Parametric interactions under the strong light-matter coupling were proved even in free space. In contrast to bichromatic beats in a cavity, they were shown to appear due to interference between polaritonic wave packets of different group velocities.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0607033

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Resonance interaction between a molecular transition and a confined electromagnetic field can reach the coupling regime where coherent exchange of energy between light and matter becomes reversible. In this case, two new hybrid states separated in energy are formed instead of independent eigenstates, which is known as Rabi splitting. This modification of the energy spectra of the system offers new possibilities for controlled impact on various fundamental properties of coupled matter (such as the rate of chemical reactions and the conductivity of organic semiconductors). To date, the strong coupling regime has been demonstrated in many configurations under different ambient conditions. However, there is still no comprehensive approach to determining parameters for achieving the strong coupling regime for a wide range of practical applications. In this review, a detailed analysis of various systems and corresponding conditions for reaching strong coupling is carried out and their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the prospects for application, are considered. The review also summarizes recent experiments in which the strong coupling regime has led to new interesting results, such as the possibility of collective strong coupling between X-rays and matter excitation in a periodic array of Fe isotopes, which extends the applications of quantum optics; a strong amplification of the Raman scattering signal from a coupled system, which can be used in surface-enhanced and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; and more efficient second-harmonic generation from the low polaritonic state, which is promising for nonlinear optics. The results reviewed demonstrate great potential for further practical applications of strong coupling in the fields of photonics (low-threshold lasers), quantum communications (switches), and biophysics (molecular fingerprinting).
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