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European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)

Strong light-matter coupling: coherent parametric interactions under cavity and free-space conditions

V. S. Egorov, Victor Lebedev, Igor B. Mekhov, Peter Moroshkin, Чехонин Игорь Анатольевич

Published Jan 18, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of coherent interaction between laser pulses and a dense ensemble of resonant atoms both in a cavity and free-space. The experiments are carried out in a plasma of pulsed and dc neon discharges. It contains a considerable amount (up to 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/) of neon atoms at the metastable level, which is used as a lower state of a resonant optically dense medium without population inversion under analysis.

DOI
10.1109/eqec.2005.1567244

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This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of coherent interaction between laser pulses and a dense ensemble of resonant atoms both in a cavity and free-space. The experiments are carried out in a plasma of pulsed and dc neon discharges. It contains a considerable amount (up to 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/) of neon atoms at the metastable level, which is used as a lower state of a resonant optically dense medium without population inversion under analysis.
We experimentally and theoretically study the interaction of broadband polychromatic laser pulses with an optically dense resonant extended medium without population inversion. Experimental (probe field-pumping beam) measurements of the transmission and amplification spectra were carried out in the plasma of a positive neon glow-discharge column containing a large number of metastable atoms. The strong coupling in the field-matter system and the collective behavior of the atomic system in a resonant field were attributable to a high (∼10 12 cm −3 ) density of atoms at the lower (metastable) level of the optical transitions under consideration and to a relatively low intensity of the interacting laser beams. We observed a broadband weakening of the probe field in the absence of pumping and its strengthening in the line wings in the presence of a strong field. We develop a theoretical model for the parametric amplification of collective interactions in dense extended media based on the solution of the semiclassical Maxwell-Bloch equations for conditions under which the pumping field does not destroy the dipole interaction between atoms through probe-field photons.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of the coherent propagation and amplification of polychromatic broadband laser pulses in optically dense resonant media without population inversion was carried out for the cases of plasma in a Ne glow discharge and a pulse discharge in Hg-Ar mixture. High density of Ne and Hg atoms in the metastable state (about 1012 cm-3), which was chosen to be the ground state of the two-level system under consideration, leads to the collective behavior of the atomic system in resonant electromagnetic field. The broadband probe field attenuation and the sideband amplification of the probe under the action of the coherent pump were observed. The amplification dependence on the pump intensity was obtained. The model of the parametrically enhanced collective interactions was developed and comparison the experimental data was made.
We consider parametric interactions of laser pulses in a coherent macroscopic ensemble of resonant atoms, which are possible in the strong coupling regime of light-matter interaction. The spectrum condensation (lasing at collective vacuum Rabi sidebands) was studied in an active cavity configuration. Parametric interactions under the strong light-matter coupling were proved even in free space. In contrast to bichromatic beats in a cavity, they were shown to appear due to interference between polaritonic wave packets of different group velocities.
Experimental and numerical investigation of single-beam and pump-probe interaction with a resonantly absorbing dense extended medium under strong and weak field-matter coupling is presented. Significant probe beam amplification and conical emission were observed. Under relatively weak pumping and high medium density, when the condition of strong coupling between field and resonant matter is fulfilled, the probe amplification spectrum has a form of spectral doublet. Stronger pumping leads to the appearance of a single peak of the probe beam amplification at the transition frequency. The greater probe intensity results in an asymmetrical transmission spectrum with amplification at the blue wing of the absorption line and attenuation at the red one. Under high medium density, a broadband of amplification appears. The theoretical model is based on the solution of the Maxwell-Bloch equations for a two-level system. Different types of probe transmission spectra obtained are attributed to complex dynamics of a coherent medium response to broadband polychromatic radiation of a multimode dye laser.