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arXiv:quant-ph/0408170 · Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

All-fibre source of amplitude squeezed light pulses

Markus Meissner, Christoph Marquardt, Joel Heersink, Tobias Gaber, André Wietfeld, Gerd Leuchs, Ulrik L Andersen

Published Jul 28, 2004• 10 citations
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Abstract

An all-fibre source of amplitude squeezed solitons utilizing the self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer is experimentally demonstrated. The asymmetry of the interferometer is passively controlled by an integrated fibre coupler, allowing for the optimization of the noise reduction. We have carefully studied the dependence of the amplitude noise on the asymmetry and the power launched into the Sagnac interferometer. Qualitatively, we find good agreement between the experimental results, a semi-classical theory and earlier numerical calculations (Schmitt et al 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 2446). The stability and flexibility of this all-fibre source makes it particularly well suited to applications in quantum information science.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/6/8/005

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Physical Review Letters•Sep 21, 1998•149 citations
An all-fibre source of amplitude squeezed solitons utilizing the self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer is experimentally demonstrated. The asymmetry of the interferometer is passively controlled by an integrated fibre coupler, allowing for the optimization of the noise reduction. We have carefully studied the dependence of the amplitude noise on the asymmetry and the power launched into the Sagnac interferometer. Qualitatively, we find good agreement between the experimental results, a semi-classical theory and earlier numerical calculations (Schmitt et al 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 2446). The stability and flexibility of this all-fibre source makes it particularly well suited to applications in quantum information science.
An all-fibre source of amplitude squeezed solitons utilizing the self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer is experimentally demonstrated. The asymmetry of the interferometer is passively controlled by an integrated fibre coupler, allowing for the optimisation of the noise reduction. We have carefully studied the dependence of the amplitude noise on the asymmetry and the power launched into the Sagnac interferometer. Qualitatively, we find good agreement between the experimental results, a semi-classical theory and earlier numerical calculations [Schmitt etl.al., PRL Vol. 81, p.2446, (1998)]. The stability and flexibility of this all-fibre source makes it particularly well suited to applications in quantum information science.
We experimentally demonstrate amplitude squeezed soliton utilizing intensity-dependent self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer. The system, whose components are connected via ferrule connector/physical connection (FC/PC) fiber connectors, constitutes all-fiber configuration to generate squeezed soliton. Soliton amplitude reduction measured by homodyne detection is near 4.0 dB below the shot-noise level. Optimal squeezing fields in both simple and compact all-fiber configuration are obtained.
We experimentally demonstrate the production of continuous variable entanglement of femto second laser pulses from an all-fibre asymmetric Sagnac interferometer exploiting the Kerr effect. Contrary to the experiment of Silberhorn et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4267 (2001)], the asymmetric coupler in the Sagnac loop is fully integrated in the fibre, making the source extremely compact, reliable and robust. Employing a simple detection scheme, comprising a beam splitter and two intensity detectors, we clearly observe quantum correlations of conjugate quadratures, hereby witnessing entanglement.
Summary form only given. Several schemes to generate squeezed light by use of the Kerr nonlinearity in optical fibers have been devised. The most recent experiments used asymmetric Sagnac loops to produce amplitude squeezing. In our experiment the Sagnac geometry is "unfolded" into a Mach-Zehnder, wherein the two arms of the interferometer correspond to the polarization modes of a single-mode PM fiber. This setup allows us to switch from an asymmetric to a symmetric interferometer, and gives us full control of the phase and amplitude of the two interfering pulses. With these degrees of freedom, we are able to maximize noise reduction and perform a full measurement of the noise properties of the soliton squeezed pulses.
Direct photon-number squeezing is demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge, in a nonlinear fiber-optic interferometer. Launching 126-fs solitons into a highly asymmetric Sagnac loop, the maximum photocurrent noise reduction was $3.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2\mathrm{dB}$ below shot noise, corresponding to $6.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9\mathrm{dB}$, when corrected for linear losses. The loop is a model system for squeezing generated by the interference of two pulses after nonlinear propagation through a fiber.