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arXiv:quant-ph/0407139

Advantages of high-speed technique for quantum key distribution; reply to quant-ph/0407050

Joshua C. Bienfang, Charles W. Clark, Carl J. Williams, E. W. Hagley, Jesse Wen

Published Jul 18, 2004• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We respond to a comment on our high-speed technique for the implementation of free-space quantum key distribution (QKD). The model used in the comment assigns inappropriately high link losses to the technique in question. We show that the use of reasonable loss parameters in the model invalidates the comment's main conclusion and highlights the benefits of increased transmission rates.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0407139

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We respond to a comment on our high-speed technique for the implementation of free-space quantum key distribution (QKD). The model used in the comment assigns inappropriately high link losses to the technique in question. We show that the use of reasonable loss parameters in the model invalidates the comment's main conclusion and highlights the benefits of increased transmission rates.
We analyze the significance for quantum key distribution (QKD) of free-space quantum communications results reported in a recent paper (J. C. Bienfang et al., quant-ph/0405097, hereafter referred to as "Bienfang et al."), who contrast the quantum communications rate of their partial QKD implementation (which does not produce cryptographically useful shared, secret keys) over a short transmission distance, with the secret bit rates of previous full QKD implementations over much longer distances. We show that when a cryptographically relevant comparison with previous results is made, the system described by Bienfang et al. would offer no advantages for QKD, contrary to assertions in their paper and in spite of its high clock rate. Further, we show that the claim made by Bienfang et al. that "high transmission rates serve ... to extend the distance over which a QKD system can operate" is incorrect. Our analysis illustrates an important aspect of QKD that is too often overlooked in experiments: the sifted bit rate can be a highly misleading indicator of the performance of a QKD system.
Recent advances in quantum key distribution (QKD) have given rise to systems that operate at transmission periods significantly shorter than the dead times of their component single-photon detectors. As systems continue to increase in transmission rate, security concerns associated with detector dead times can limit the production rate of sifted bits. We present a model of high-speed QKD in this limit that identifies an optimum transmission rate for a system with given link loss and detector response characteristics.
The goal of cryptography is to encode data in such a way that no one can decode it unless they are the intended recipient. With the emergence of quantum computing, classical cryptography is not reliable enough to protect sensitive information. Nevertheless, there are alternatives. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a method to secure communication based on the laws of quantum physics. Due to being impossible to measure the quantum state of a system without disturbing it, QKD provides a way to communicate between two parties while being, in theory, immune to eavesdropping. In this work, a free-space high-speed QKD setup is proposed, with the objective of implementing the polarization three-state one-decoy variant of the BB84 protocol. An assessment of the best type of laser diode to use for free-space QKD is made between several options. The system’s performance was assessed, incorporating a quantitative analysis of system losses and an estimation of the number of photons traversing the quantum channel. The system achieved a Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) of 1.58% for the Z basis and 1.46% for the X basis, for an average reception of two photons per pulse. Preliminary QBER measurements were also undertaken in the context of Quantum Keyless Private Communication protocols, focusing on the average number of photons per pulse.