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arXiv:quant-ph/0311163 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Demonstration of a continuously guided atomic interferometer by single-zone optical excitation

M. S. Shahriar, Prabhakar Pradhan, Y. Tan, M. Jheeta, J. Morzinski, Philip Hemmer

Published Jul 1, 2005• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We demonstrate an atomic interferometer in which the atom passes through a single-zone optical beam consisting of a pair of bichromatic counterpropagating fields. During the passage, the atomic wave packets in two distinct internal states trace out split trajectories, guided by the optical beams, with the amplitude and spread of each wave packet varying continuously, producing fringes that can reach a visibility close to unity. Theoretically, the rotation sensitivity of this continuous interferometer (CI) can be comparable to that of the Borde-Chu interferometer. The relative simplicity of the CI makes it a potentially better candidate for practical applications.

DOI
10.1364/josab.22.001566

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We have developed a three-level atom interferometer using three-level atoms coupled with bichromatic fields in order to investigate the phase information between two excited states. First, we presented a theoretical description of the interaction of three-level atoms with bichromatic fields based on single-transition operators. Using the time evolution of a wave function, the equations of the interference fringes and the visibility were derived and calculated for several types of the three-level atom interferometers with bichromatic fields. Optimum excitation conditions were evaluated. Next, several types of three-level atom interferometers were demonstrated experimentally using a thermal calcium atomic beam with two Zeeman substates of m=1m=1m=1 and $m=\ensuremath{-}1$ in the long-lived excited state coupled with bichromatic resonant fields between the ground state and the excited states. The behaviors of the interference fringes were compared among them along with the calculated results. The three-level atom interferometer excited by two bichromatic laser beams separated in space was found to produce the largest visibility among them when the excitation power of each frequency component was the same.
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