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arXiv:quant-ph/0302005 · Physical Review A

Generation of photon pairs using polarization-dependent two-photon absorption

Toshihiro Nakanishi, K. Sugiyama, Masao Kitano

Published Apr 11, 2003• 3 citations
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Abstract

We propose a method for generating photon pairs from coherent light, using polarization-dependent two-photon absorption. We study the photon statistics of two orthogonally polarized modes by solving a master equation, and show that when we prepare a coherent state in one polarization mode, photon pairs are created in the other mode. The photon pairs have the same frequency as that of the incident light.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.67.043809

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We propose a method for generating photon pairs from coherent light, using polarization-dependent two-photon absorption. We study the photon statistics of two orthogonally polarized modes by solving a master equation, and show that when we prepare a coherent state in one polarization mode, photon pairs are created in the other mode. The photon pairs have the same frequency as that of the incident light.
The two-photon generator of coherent light formed from entangled photon pairs is proposed. Considering the multi-mode field of micro-cavity in the processes of generation of photon pairs the two-photon resonator losses are proposed. The master equation for cavity biphotons is obtained from quantum treatment of problem. The analytical and numerical stationary solutions for master equation are presented. Also is found that the lasing of light is started from vacuum fluctuations of cavity field. The comparison of proposed model with other two-photon laser models is discussed.
We consider a new method for the generation of polarization-frequency entangled states of photon pairs. We use a frequency-nondegenerate regime of spontaneous parametric down conversion where the photon pairs (biphotons) are produced with identical polarizations, propagate mostly in the same direction, but differ in frequency. Entanglement is achieved by a coherent superposition of pairs emitted from two nonlinear crystals, with the polarization of the biphotons from the first crystal being changed by a transformer placed between the two crystals. We show that this scheme allows the degree of entanglement to be controlled by the choice of biphoton frequencies.
We report a new method for generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs in maximally entangled polarization states. Our approach is based on quantum interference between two polarization states which are non-orthogonal. We present necessary and sufficient conditions for generation the photon pair in a maximally entangled state. The effect of dependence of entanglement on the phase between the interfering states of photons is investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimentally with quantum states produced via spontaneous parametric down-conversion in the double-crystal scheme.
This article presents a proposal for preparing photon pairs in states that are entangled in their spatial modes. The method allows the encoding of any pair of spatial modes that is desired, without restrictions; a procedure that up to now has been elusive. This method consists of three steps: preparing photon pairs in polarization-entangled states, filtering the spatial mode, and use of polarization interferometers with diffractive mode-encoding elements to effect entanglement swapping between polarization and spatial modes. An extension of the method consists of entangling polarization and spatial mode, allowing the preparation of a 4-qubit cluster state of two photons.
A new method for producing a phase state by two-photon absorption is proposed. We show that such a process conserves the phase of an initial coherent state $|\ensuremath{\alpha}〉$ and converts it to $|\ensuremath{\psi}〉\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}(|0〉{+e}^{i\ensuremath{\varphi}}|1〉)/\sqrt{2}$, where $\ensuremath{\alpha}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}|\ensuremath{\alpha}|{e}^{i\ensuremath{\varphi}}$. Therefore, we obtain desirable phase states by controlling the phase of the initial coherent state. Appropriate materials with a reasonable two-photon absorption rate are proposed.