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arXiv:quant-ph/0206024 · Physical Review A

Two-photon linewidth of light “stopping” via electromagnetically induced transparency

Claudia K. A. Mewes, Michael Fleischhauer

Published Sep 27, 2002• 44 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We analyze the two-photon linewidth of a recently proposed adiabatic transfer technique for ``stopping'' of light using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We show that a successful and reliable transfer of excitation from light to atoms and back can be achieved if the spectrum of the input probe pulse lies within the initial transparency window of EIT, and the two-photon detuning $\ensuremath{\delta}$ is less than the collective coupling strength (collective vacuum Rabi frequency) $g\sqrt{N}$ divided by $\sqrt{\ensuremath{\gamma}T},$ with \ensuremath{\gamma} being the radiative decay rate, N being the effective number of atoms in the sample, and T being the pulse duration. Hence in an optically thick medium light ``storage'' and retrieval is possible with high fidelity even for systems with rather large two-photon detuning or inhomogeneous broadening.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.66.033820

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We analyze the two-photon linewidth of a recently proposed adiabatic transfer technique for stopping'' of light using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We show that a successful and reliable transfer of excitation from light to atoms and back can be achieved if the spectrum of the input probe pulse lies within the initial transparency window of EIT, and the two-photon detuning $\ensuremath{\delta}$ is less than the collective coupling strength (collective vacuum Rabi frequency) $g\sqrt{N}$ divided by $\sqrt{\ensuremath{\gamma}T},$ with \ensuremath{\gamma} being the radiative decay rate, N being the effective number of atoms in the sample, and T being the pulse duration. Hence in an optically thick medium light storage'' and retrieval is possible with high fidelity even for systems with rather large two-photon detuning or inhomogeneous broadening.
We investigate the storage of light in an atomic sample with a Lambda-type coupling scheme driven by optical fields at variable two-photon detuning. In the presence of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), light is stored and retrieved from the sample by dynamically varying the group velocity. It is found that for any two-photon detuning of the input light pulse within the EIT transparency window, the carrier frequency of the retrieved light pulse matches the two-photon resonance frequency with the atomic ground state transition and the control field. This effect which is not based on spectral filtering is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It can be used for high-speed precision measurements of the two-photon resonance as employed, e.g., in optical magnetometry.
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Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.
We experimentally investigate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) created on an inhomogeneously broadened 5S 1/2 –5P 1/2 transition in rubidium vapor using a control field of a complex temporal shape. A comb-shaped transparency spectrum enhances the delay-bandwidth product and the light storage capacity for a matched probe pulse by a factor of about 50 compared to a single EIT line (Yavuz 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 031801). If the temporal mode of the control field is slowly changed while the probe is propagating through the EIT medium, the probe will adiabatically follow, providing a means to perform frequency conversion and optical routing.