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arXiv:quant-ph/0205094 · Quantum Information and Computation

Transport of quantum states and separation of ions in a dual RF ion trap

M. A. Rowe, Amit Ben-Kish, Brian DeMarco, Dietrich G. Leibfried, V. Meyer, James A. Beall, J. Britton, J. Hughes, Wayne M. Itano, B. M. Jelenkovic, C. Langer, Till Rosenband, David J. Wineland

Published Jun 1, 2002• 138 citations
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Abstract

We have investigated ion dynamics associated with a dual linear ion trap where ions can be stored in and moved between two distinct locations. Such a trap is a building block for a system to engineer arbitrary quantum states of ion ensembles. Specifically, this trap is the unit cell in a strategy for scalable quantum computing using a series of interconnected ion traps. We have transferred an ion between trap locations 1.2 mm apart in 50 $\mu$s with near unit efficiency ($> 10^{6}$ consecutive transfers) and negligible motional heating, while maintaining internal-state coherence. In addition, we have separated two ions held in a common trap into two distinct traps.

DOI
10.26421/qic2.4-1

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We have investigated ion dynamics associated with a dual linear ion trap where ions can be stored in and moved between two distinct locations. Such a trap is a building block for a system to engineer arbitrary quantum states of ion ensembles. Specifically, this trap is the unit cell in a strategy for scalable quantum computing using a series of interconnected ion traps. We have transferred an ion between trap locations 1.2 mm apart in 50 μ\muμs with near unit efficiency (>106> 10^{6}>106 consecutive transfers) and negligible motional heating, while maintaining internal-state coherence. In addition, we have separated two ions held in a common trap into two distinct traps.
We investigate the dynamics of single and multiple ions during transport between and separation into spatially distinct locations in a multizone linear Paul trap. A single 9Be+^{9}\mathrm{Be}^{+}9Be+ ion in a $\ensuremath{\sim}2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MHz}$ harmonic well was transported $370\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ in $8\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$, corresponding to 16 periods of oscillation, with a gain of 0.1 motional quanta. Similar results were achieved for the transport of two ions. We also separated chains of up to 9 ions from one potential well to two distinct potential wells. With two ions this was accomplished in $55\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$, with excitations of approximately two quanta for each ion. Fast transport and separation can significantly reduce the time overhead in certain architectures for scalable quantum information processing with trapped ions.
Summary form only given. We discuss experiments with trapped /sup 9/Be/sup +/ ions in a micro-machined linear Paul trap that has two trapping regions separated by 1.2 mm. This trap geometry permits experiments that are the first steps toward a multiplexed, scalable quantum computer. We demonstrate coherent manipulations on a single ion that is transported between trapping regions, separation of two ions, and a quantum logic gate on a single ion that is made possible by the significantly reduced heating rate in this trap. We demonstrate adiabatic transport of a single ion between the trapping regions using time varying electrode potentials. A single ion is transported adiabatically over 1.2 mm between the trapping regions in 500 /spl mu/s with a measured increase of 0.1 /spl plusmn/ 0.1 motional quanta. A single ion has been transported between traps non-adiabatically in times as short as 50 /spl mu/s. Through manipulation of the electrode potentials we also show controlled separation of two ions initially held in one region to two regions that are separated by 1.2 mm.
Scaling quantum information processors is a challenging task, requiring manipulation of a large number of qubits with high fidelity and a high degree of connectivity. For trapped ions, this can be realized in a 2D array of interconnected traps in which ions are separated, transported, and recombined to carry out quantum operations on small subsets of ions. Here, functionality of a junction connecting orthogonal linear segments in a 2D trap array to reorder a two-ion crystal is demonstrated. The secular motion of the ions experiences low energy gain and the internal qubit levels maintain coherence during the reordering process, therefore demonstrating a promising method for providing all-to-all connectivity in a large-scale, 2D or 3D trapped-ion quantum information processor.
Qubits based on ions trapped in linear radio-frequency traps form a successful platform for quantum computing, due to their high fidelity of operations, all-to-all connectivity, and degree of local control. In principle, there is no fundamental limit to the number of ion-based qubits that can be confined in a single 1D register. However, in practice, there are two main issues associated with long trapped-ion crystals, that stem from the “softening” of their modes of motion, upon scaling up: high heating rates of the ions’ motion and a dense motional spectrum; both impede the performance of high-fidelity qubit operations. Here, we propose a holistic, scalable architecture for quantum computing with large ion crystals that overcomes these issues. Our method relies on dynamically operated optical potentials that instantaneously segment the ion crystal into cells of a manageable size. We show that these cells behave as nearly independent quantum registers, allowing for parallel entangling gates on all cells. The ability to reconfigure the optical potentials guarantees connectivity across the full ion crystal and also enables efficient midcircuit measurements. We study the implementation of large-scale parallel multiqubit entangling gates that operate simultaneously on all cells and present a protocol to compensate for crosstalk errors, enabling full-scale usage of an extensively large register. We illustrate that this architecture is advantageous both for fault-tolerant digital quantum computation and for analog quantum simulations. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Summary form only given. Quantum entanglement is a fundamental element of schemes for quantum communication, cryptography, and computation. In a previous experiment, we demonstrated that two-particle entanglement could be generated in a deterministic way using trapped ions. However, that scheme also could not easily be applied to more particles in a single trap, because it relied on the particular behavior of two ions in a quadrupole RF trap. We have now demonstrated a truly scalable entanglement technique. The scheme is that of a recent proposal by Molmer and Sorensen. Twog /sup 9/Be/sub +/ ions are confined in a linear RF trap, and laser-cooled to near their motional ground state. Lasers are then used to drive Raman transitions between two ground-state hyperfine levels, which are separated by energy hw/sub o/.