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arXiv:nucl-th/0309038 · Computational and Group-Theoretical Methods in Nuclear Physics

SHAPE-INVARIANCE AND EXACTLY SOLVABLE PROBLEMS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS

A. B. Balantekin

Published Feb 1, 2004• 1 citation
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Abstract

Algebraic approach to the integrability condition called shape invariance is briefly reviewed. Various applications of shape-invariance available in the literature are listed. A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent two-level systems are examined. These generalize the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian. Coherent states associated with shape-invariant systems are discussed. For the case of quantum harmonic oscillator the decomposition of identity for these coherent states is given. This decomposition of identity utilizes Ramanujan's integral extension of the beta function.

DOI
10.1142/9789812703026_0018

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Algebraic approach to the integrability condition called shape invariance is briefly reviewed. Various applications of shape-invariance available in the literature are listed. A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent two-level systems are examined. These generalize the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian. Coherent states associated with shape-invariant systems are discussed. For the case of quantum harmonic oscillator the decomposition of identity for these coherent states is given. This decomposition of identity utilizes Ramanujan's integral extension of the beta function.
The quantum dynamics of a two-level system coupled to a shape-invariant potential is investigated. Shape-invariant potentials share an integrability condition called shape invariance which identifies an underlying algebraic structure, in general infinite dimensional, that transforms the potential parameters such as strength, range and diffuseness. We determine the time-evolution operator, the density operator of the system, and obtain the temporal behaviour of various dynamical variables by considering either pure or mixed initial states of the system, constructed with the generalized coherent state of the shape-invariant coupling potential. We consider specific examples of shape-invariant coupling potentials (harmonic oscillator, Pöschl–Teller and self-similar potentials). The results obtained for all dynamical variables exhibit rapid oscillations which periodically collapse and regenerate in different ways depending on the coupling potential nature.
A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent transitions in a two-level system introduced earlier are generalized to include arbitrary energy splittings between the two levels. We show that the coupled-channel Hamiltonians obtained correspond to the generalization of the non-resonant Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian, widely used in quantized theories of laser. In this general context, we determine the eigenstates, eigenvalues, the time evolution matrix and the population inversion matrix factor.
Generalized coherent states for shape invariant potentials are constructed using an algebraic approach based on supersymmetric quantum mechanics. We show this generalized formalism is able to: a) supply the essential requirements necessary to establish a connection between classical and quantum formulations of a given system (continuity of labeling, resolution of unity, temporal stability, and action identity); b) reproduce results already known for shape-invariant systems, like harmonic oscillator, double anharmonic, Poschl-Teller and self-similar potentials and; c) point to a formalism that provides an unified description of the different kind of coherent states for quantum systems.
A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent transition in a two-level system introduced earlier are generalized to include arbitrary energy splittings between the two levels as well as intensity-dependent interactions. We show that the couple-channel Hamiltonians obtained correspond to the generalizations of the nonresonant and intensity-dependent nonresonant Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonians, widely used in quantized theories of laser. In this general context, we determine the eigenstates, eigenvalues, the time evolution matrix and the population inversion matrix factor.