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arXiv:cond-mat/0702268 · Physical Review A

Non-Markovian coherence dynamics of a driven spin-boson model: Damped quantum-beat or large-amplitude coherence oscillation

Xiufeng Cao, Hang Zheng

Published Jun 29, 2007• 7 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The dynamics of a driven spin-boson model is studied by means of the perturbation approach based on a unitary transformation. Analytical expressions for the population difference and the coherence of the two state system are obtained. The results show that for weak driving, the population difference displays damping coherent oscillation and/or damping quantum beat, depending on the initial preparation. The coherence exhibits damped oscillation with Rabi frequency. When driving is strong enough, the population difference exhibits undamped large-amplitude coherent oscillation. In addition, our theory leads to correct results in two limiting cases: without dissipation and without driving field.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.75.062121

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The dynamics of a driven spin-boson model is studied by means of the perturbation approach based on a unitary transformation. Analytical expressions for the population difference and the coherence of the two state system are obtained. The results show that for weak driving, the population difference displays damping coherent oscillation and/or damping quantum beat, depending on the initial preparation. The coherence exhibits damped oscillation with Rabi frequency. When driving is strong enough, the population difference exhibits undamped large-amplitude coherent oscillation. In addition, our theory leads to correct results in two limiting cases: without dissipation and without driving field.
The non-Markovian dynamics of the driven spin-boson model at zero and finite temperature is investigated theoretically. Based on a unitary transformation and convolution theorem, the analytical expression of population difference in Laplace space is obtained. This method provides a tool to help us to understand the interference between driving and dissipation within the non-Markovian frame. We study the transient and the steady-state non-Markovian dynamics of population difference P ( t ) in the case of different temperature, driving and spin–bath coupling (SBC) strength. It has been shown that it is necessary to use non-Markovian methods when SBC is strong. At zero temperature, the curve of steady-state amplitude P lt versus Rabi driving amplitude Ω is N-like shaped. While at finite temperature, the curve becomes Λ-like shaped. These curves come from the interference between driving and dissipation. Also, from the interference pattern above, we know that large coherent oscillations can be obtained by optimizing the parameters: Rabi driving amplitude, temperature and SBC strength.
We propose a time-dependent perturbation theory to study a newly discovered pseudocoherent phase of the spin-boson model. Effectiveness of the method is confirmed by comparing its results with that calculated from the numerically exact quantum dynamics method, which exhibits good agreements. We then describe how an incoherent nature of the pseudocoherent phase emerges from explicit expressions of the proposed method, and properties of invariant time of extreme values and scaling of amplitudes resulting from a second-order approximation. Correction effects of higher-order terms are also discussed. In addition, we utilize trace distance to investigate non-Markovianity and influences of model parameters. We find propagations in the pseudocoherent phase are always non-Markovian because of bath-driving oscillations. The non-Markovianity shows different dependence on cutoff frequency of bosonic baths from coherent and incoherent phases, which can be applied for qualitative identifications of different dynamic phases in realistic detections.
The quantum dynamics of the dissipative two-level system in the Ohmic bath with Rabi driving is studied by means of a modified Bloch-Redfield approach based on a unitary transformation. The main purpose is to understand the effect of counter-rotating terms of the system-environment interaction on the dynamics of the two-level system and, in particular, if it is possible to control the effective system-environment coupling by their effect on the interference between driving and dissipation. By calculating the nonequilibrium correlation P(t)P(t)P(t) for a finite driving it is shown that the counter-rotating terms of the system-environment interaction play an important role in the dynamic evolution with a longer coherent time and a weaker amplitude of the long-time driven oscillation.
By considering an exactly solvable model for a driven two non-interacting qubits, each coupled to a bosonic environment with zero temperature, under the non-Markovian dissipative process, we study the variation of coherence and correlations in terms of different physical parameters. We show the influence of the external classical driving field as well as the initial quantum states. Moreover, we highlight the relationship between the coherence, single-qubit population, and correlations according to the physical parameters of the whole system. We reveal that the preservation and enhancement of coherence and correlations may occur by adjusting the strength of the classical driving field, initial states, and non-Markovian effects.
In this paper we discuss both analytically and numerically the rich quantum dynamics of the spin-boson model driven by a time-independent field of photon. Interestingly, we predict a new Rabi oscillation, whose period is inversely proportional to the driving amplitude. More surprisingly, some nonzero resonant peaks are found for some special values of the \emph{strong} driving regime. Moreover, for the different resonant positions, the peaks have different values. Thus, an important application of this resonance effect is to realize the precision measurement of the relative parameters in experiment. We also illustrate that this resonant effect arises from the interference of the nontrivial periodic phase factors induced by the evolution of the coherent states in two different subspaces. Our predictions may be, in principle, observed in the solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics with the ultrastrong coupling if the driving magnitude of the photon field is sufficiently large.
We generalize a microscopic master equation method to study the dissipation dynamics of Jaynes-Cummings two-level system with a weak external driving. Using perturbative analysis to extend the damping bases theory, we derive the corrected Rabi oscillation and vaccum Rabi splitting analytically. The evolution of the decoherence factor of the weakly driven system reveals that the off-diagonal density matrix elements are oscillating at a frequency dependent on the driving strength and the initial population inversion. For highly-inverted systems at the weak-driving limit, this frequency reduces to twice the value for the non-driven system, showing the dissipation dynamics unable to be discovered using more conventional approaches.