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arXiv:cond-mat/0512470 · Physical Review E

Off-diagonal correlations of the Calogero-Sutherland model

G. E. Astrakharchik, Dimitri M. Gangardt, Yu. E. Lozovik, I. A. Sorokin

Published Aug 4, 2006• 33 citations
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Abstract

We study correlation functions of the Calogero-Sutherland model in the whole range of the interaction parameter. Using the replica method we obtain analytical expressions for the long-distance asymptotics of the one-body density matrix in addition to the previously derived asymptotics of the pair-distribution function [D.M. Gangardt and A. Kamenev, Nucl. Phys. B 610, 578 (2001)]. The leading analytic and nonanalytic terms in the short-distance expansion of the one-body density matrix are discussed. Numerical results for these correlation functions are obtained using Monte Carlo techniques for all distances. The momentum distribution and static structure factor are calculated. The potential and kinetic energies are obtained using the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. Perfect agreement is found between the analytical expressions and numerical data. These results allow for the description of physical regimes of the Calogero-Sutherland model. The zero temperature phase diagram is found to be of a crossover type and includes quasicondensation, quasicrystallization and quasisupersolid regimes.

DOI
10.1103/physreve.74.021105

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We study correlation functions of the Calogero-Sutherland model in the whole range of the interaction parameter. Using the replica method we obtain analytical expressions for the long-distance asymptotics of the one-body density matrix in addition to the previously derived asymptotics of the pair-distribution function [D.M. Gangardt and A. Kamenev, Nucl. Phys. B 610, 578 (2001)]. The leading analytic and nonanalytic terms in the short-distance expansion of the one-body density matrix are discussed. Numerical results for these correlation functions are obtained using Monte Carlo techniques for all distances. The momentum distribution and static structure factor are calculated. The potential and kinetic energies are obtained using the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. Perfect agreement is found between the analytical expressions and numerical data. These results allow for the description of physical regimes of the Calogero-Sutherland model. The zero temperature phase diagram is found to be of a crossover type and includes quasicondensation, quasicrystallization and quasisupersolid regimes.
The occurrence of quasi-long-range positional order in the ground-state of the one-dimensional repulsive Calogero-Sutherland model is studied. By mapping the exact ground-state into a one dimensional classical system of interacting particles at finite temperatures the structure function and the displacement correlation functions are calculated numerically using Monte Carlo simulation methods. These are found to exhibit quasi-long-range positional order for all values of the parameters. The exponent characterizing the algebraic decay of the displacement correlation functions with distance is estimated. It is argued that the ground-state of the repulsive Calogero-Sutherland model consists of a single normal phase with quasi-long-range positional order.
For a one-dimensional model in which the two-body interactions are long-range and strong, the system almost crystallizes. The harmonic modes of such a lattice can be used to compute the ground state wave function and the dynamical density-density correlations. We use this method to calculate the density corrrelations in the Calogero-Sutherland model. We show numerically that the correlations obtained are quite accurate even if the coupling is not very large. Our method is considerably simpler than the ones used to derive the exact results, and yields expressions for the correlations which are easily plotted. Our equal-time correlations can be expanded in powers of the inverse coupling; we show that the two leading order terms agree with the exact results which are known for integer values of the coupling.
For a one-dimensional model in which the two-body interactions are long-range and strong, the system almost crystallizes. The harmonic modes of such a lattice were used by Krivnov and Ovchinnikov to compute the ground-state wave function and the dynamical density-density correlations. We review this method, and apply it to the Calogero-Sutherland model, whose density-density correlation functions are exactly known for certain values of the coupling constant. We show numerically that the correlations obtained are quite accurate even if the coupling is not very large. Such comparisons have been made earlier by Forrester. The lattice method is considerably simpler than the ones used to derive the exact results, and yields expressions for the correlations- which are easily plotted. The equal-time correlations can be expanded in inverse powers of coupling; we show that the two leading order terms agree with the exact results which are known for integer values of the coupling. The strength-dependent power law fall-off is typical of a Luttinger liquid.In a general one-dimensional model where the two-body interaction decreases as a power of the relative distance, we argue, following Schulz, that at zero temperature the system behaves as a Luttinger liquid if the power exceeds 1, and as a Wigner crystal if it is less than 1.PACS Nos.: 63.20-e, 71.10Pm
Exploiting the results of the exact solution for the ground state of the one-dimensional spinless quantum gas of fermions and impenetrable bosons with the µ/ x ij 2 particle-particle interaction, the Hellmann-Feynman theorem yields mutually compensating divergences of both the kinetic and the interaction energy in the limiting case µ→-¼. These divergences result from the peculiar behaviour of both the momentum distribution (for large momenta) and the pair density (for small inter-particle separation). The available analytical pair densities for µ = -¼, 0 and 2 allow one to analyse particle-number fluctuations. They are suppressed by repulsive interaction (µ>0), enhanced by attraction (µ<0), and may therefore measure the kind and strength of correlation. Other recently proposed purely quantum-kinematical measures of the correlation strength arise from the small-separation behaviour of the pair density or - for fermions - from the non-idempotency of the momentum distribution and its large-momenta behaviour. They are compared with each other and with reference-free, short-range correlation-measuring ratios of the kinetic and potential energies.
The BC-type Calogero–Sutherland model (CSM) is an integrable extension of the ordinary A-type CSM that possesses a reflection symmetry point. The BC-CSM is related to the chiral classes of random matrix ensembles (RMEs) in exactly the same way as the A-CSM is related to the Dyson classes. We first develop the fermionic replica σ-model formalism suitable to treat all chiral RMEs. By exploiting ‘generalized colour–flavour transformation’ we then extend the method to find the exact asymptotics of the BC-CSM density profile. Consistency of our result with the c = 1 Gaussian conformal field theory description is verified. The emerging Friedel oscillations structure and sum rules are discussed in details. We also compute the distribution of the particle nearest to the reflection point.