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arXiv:cond-mat/0509572 · Physical Review A

Periodic modulation effect on self-trapping of two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

Guanfang Wang, Libin Fu, Jie Liu

Published Jan 20, 2006• 117 citations
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Abstract

With phase space analysis approach, we investigate the self-trapping phenomenon for two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a symmetric double well potential. We identify two kinds of self-trapping by their different relative phase behavior. By applying a periodic modulation on the energy bias of the system we find that the self-trapping can be controlled, in other words, the transition parameters can be adjusted effectively by the periodic modulation. Analytic expressions for the dependence of the transition parameters on the modulation parameters are derived for high- and low-frequency modulations. For an intermediate-frequency modulation, we find the resonance between the periodic modulation and nonlinear Rabi oscillation dramatically affect the tunneling dynamics and demonstrate many phenomena. Finally, we study the effects of many-body quantum fluctuation on the self-trapping and discuss the possible experimental realization.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.73.013619

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With phase space analysis approach, we investigate the self-trapping phenomenon for two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a symmetric double well potential. We identify two kinds of self-trapping by their different relative phase behavior. By applying a periodic modulation on the energy bias of the system we find that the self-trapping can be controlled, in other words, the transition parameters can be adjusted effectively by the periodic modulation. Analytic expressions for the dependence of the transition parameters on the modulation parameters are derived for high- and low-frequency modulations. For an intermediate-frequency modulation, we find the resonance between the periodic modulation and nonlinear Rabi oscillation dramatically affect the tunneling dynamics and demonstrate many phenomena. Finally, we study the effects of many-body quantum fluctuation on the self-trapping and discuss the possible experimental realization.
Self-trapping of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in double-well trap is investigated. Two kinds of self-trapping are discussed through phase space analysis in the mean-field approximation: 1) The number of atoms oscillates near an equilibrium point in the phase space, while relative phase increases monotonously with time (running-phase); 2) Both the number of particles and the relative phase oscillate near an equilibrium point in the phase space. In particular, we investigate how an external periodic filed influence the self-trapping. It is found that the external periodic field may dramatically modulate the critical points at which the transition to self-trapping occurs. With this, we can observe self-trapping phenomenon in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate with a very weak interaction as well. Finally, the effect of many-body quantum fluctuation on self-trapping is also studied. We also discuss how to observe the self-trapping phenomenon with present experimental techniques.
We investigate the effect of periodic bias modulation on two weakly coupled Bose–Einstein condensates in a symmetric double-well potential and find a frequency-locking phenomenon at the transition frequency between the symmetric and antisymmetric states. Frequency-locking phenomenon becomes noticeable when the amplitude of the bias modulation is increased. The transition frequency becomes constant over a certain region of positive and negative nonlinear parameters due to the population mixing between the two states induced by the bias modulation. The frequency-locking phenomenon is also found in the multiple quantum transitions. Furthermore, an analogue of nonlinear Landau–Zener tunneling induced by the bias modulation is discussed.
We investigate the effect of an external periodic driving to the self-trapping transitions of two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential. It is shown that the self-trapping can be effectively controlled by modulating the double-well with a high frequency driving and thus renormalizing the transition parameters. In particular, an exact solution is constructed under the balance condition between the external field and the nonlinear interaction among particles, which allows one to precisely control theself-trapping states.
We investigate the properties of phase transitions in a weakly coupled ultracold atom-molecule boson system based on the phase space analysis approach. We identify the pure molecular and mixed atom-molecule phases of the system by different values of the time average of molecular population. When applying a periodic modulation on the energy detuning, we find that the atom-molecule mixing dynamics can be well controlled. For both high- and low-frequency modulations, it is shown that the transition points can be shifted effectively by choosing parameters of the periodic modulation appropriately. The analytical expressions for the dependence of the transition parameters on the modulation parameters are also obtained for the two cases. In particular, when the modulation with a frequency near the atom-molecule transition frequency is applied, the resonance between the periodic modulation and atom-molecule Rabi oscillation will emerge, which can affect the atom-molecule mixing dynamics dramatically and lead to the complex chaos phenomenon.
Dynamical phase transition of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in double-well trap with external periodic modulation applied to the interaction term is investigated in this paper. Particularly, phase transition to chaos is studied. It is found that, when resonance between the modulation frequency and the natural frequency of the system happens, the system turns to instability (chaos) at certain values of the parameters. In the chaotic region, distribution of particles is random, and the average of population difference fluctuates around zero. Especially, chaos can be manifested by the entanglement entropy. In the chaotic zone, both of the average entanglement entropies approach to their maxima.