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Physical Review A

Coherent control of self-trapping of two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

Qiongtao Xie, Wenhua Hai

Published Jan 19, 2007• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the effect of an external periodic driving to the self-trapping transitions of two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential. It is shown that the self-trapping can be effectively controlled by modulating the double-well with a high frequency driving and thus renormalizing the transition parameters. In particular, an exact solution is constructed under the balance condition between the external field and the nonlinear interaction among particles, which allows one to precisely control theself-trapping states.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.75.015603

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We investigate the effect of an external periodic driving to the self-trapping transitions of two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential. It is shown that the self-trapping can be effectively controlled by modulating the double-well with a high frequency driving and thus renormalizing the transition parameters. In particular, an exact solution is constructed under the balance condition between the external field and the nonlinear interaction among particles, which allows one to precisely control theself-trapping states.
With phase space analysis approach, we investigate the self-trapping phenomenon for two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a symmetric double well potential. We identify two kinds of self-trapping by their different relative phase behavior. By applying a periodic modulation on the energy bias of the system we find that the self-trapping can be controlled, in other words, the transition parameters can be adjusted effectively by the periodic modulation. Analytic expressions for the dependence of the transition parameters on the modulation parameters are derived for high- and low-frequency modulations. For an intermediate-frequency modulation, we find the resonance between the periodic modulation and nonlinear Rabi oscillation dramatically affect the tunneling dynamics and demonstrate many phenomena. Finally, we study the effects of many-body quantum fluctuation on the self-trapping and discuss the possible experimental realization.
We investigate the exact ac control of two periodically driven and weakly coupled Bose–Einstein condensates in a double-well trap. By employing two balance conditions we construct new exact Floquet solutions with the degenerate Floquet energy, and give the balance region on the parameter space. It is revealed that for some different parameters in the balance region the Floquet solutions exactly describe the macroscopic quantum self-trapping, nonlinear coherent construction and destruction of quantum tunneling, respectively. Therefore, we can accurately perform the coherent control by suitably adjusting the system parameters.
Self-trapping of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in double-well trap is investigated. Two kinds of self-trapping are discussed through phase space analysis in the mean-field approximation: 1) The number of atoms oscillates near an equilibrium point in the phase space, while relative phase increases monotonously with time (running-phase); 2) Both the number of particles and the relative phase oscillate near an equilibrium point in the phase space. In particular, we investigate how an external periodic filed influence the self-trapping. It is found that the external periodic field may dramatically modulate the critical points at which the transition to self-trapping occurs. With this, we can observe self-trapping phenomenon in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate with a very weak interaction as well. Finally, the effect of many-body quantum fluctuation on self-trapping is also studied. We also discuss how to observe the self-trapping phenomenon with present experimental techniques.