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arXiv:cond-mat/0502651 · Physical Review A

Collective excitations of strongly interacting Fermi gases of atoms in a harmonic trap

Yeong E. Kim, Alexander L. Zubarev

Published Jul 18, 2005• 35 citations
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Abstract

The zero-temperature properties of a dilute two-component Fermi gas in the BCS to Bose-Einstein Condensation crossover are investigated. On the basis of a generalization of the Hylleraas-Undheim method, we construct rigorous upper bounds to the collective frequencies for the radial and the axial breathing mode of the Fermi gas under harmonic confinement in the framework of the hydrodynamic theory. The bounds are compared to experimental data for trapped vapors of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.011603

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The zero-temperature properties of a dilute two-component Fermi gas in the BCS to Bose-Einstein Condensation crossover are investigated. On the basis of a generalization of the Hylleraas-Undheim method, we construct rigorous upper bounds to the collective frequencies for the radial and the axial breathing mode of the Fermi gas under harmonic confinement in the framework of the hydrodynamic theory. The bounds are compared to experimental data for trapped vapors of 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li atoms.
The zero-temperature properties of a dilute two-component Fermi gas in the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer phase–Bose–Einstein condensate crossover are investigated. On the basis of a generalization of the variational Schwinger method, we construct approximate semi-analytical formulae for collective frequencies of the radial and the axial breathing modes of the Fermi gas under harmonic confinement in the framework of the hydrodynamic theory. It is shown that the method gives nearly exact solutions.
We investigate the zero-temperature properties of a dilute two-component Fermi gas with attractive interspecies interaction in the BCS-BEC crossover. We build an efficient parametrization of the energy per particle based on Monte Carlo data and asymptotic behavior. This parametrization provides, in turn, analytical expressions for several bulk properties of the system such as the chemical potential, the pressure, and the sound velocity. In addition, by using a time-dependent density functional approach, we determine the collective modes of the Fermi gas under harmonic confinement. The calculated collective frequencies are compared to experimental data on confined vapors of 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li atoms and with other theoretical predictions.
We investigate the collective excitations of a harmonically trapped superfluid Fermi gas at varying coupling strengths across a BCS-BEC crossover. Using a hydrodynamic approach, we solve analytically the eigenvalue problem of collective modes and provide explicit expressions for all eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, which are valid for both BCS and BEC limits and also for the whole crossover regime. Both spherical- and axial-symmetric traps are taken into account, and the features of these collective modes in the BCS-BEC crossover are discussed and compared with available experimental and numerical data.
A sum rule approach is used to calculate the zero temperature oscillation frequencies of a two component trapped atomic Fermi gas in the Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer--Bose Einstein condensation crossover region. These sum rules are evaluated using a local density approximation which explicitly includes Feshbach molecules. Breathing modes show nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the interaction strength, while quadrupole modes are insensitive to interactions for both spherically symmetric and axially symmetric traps. Quantitative agreement is found with experiments on atomic 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li systems and with other theoretical approaches.
We study the Bogoliubov collective excitations of harmonically trapped superfluid Fermi gases in the crossover from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid to Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) beyond Thomas-Fermi (TF) limit. Starting from a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation and an equation of state valid for the whole crossover, we derive Bogoliubov--de Gennes (BdG) equations for low-lying collective modes at zero temperature. We use a Fetter-like variational ground state wave function to remove the noncontinuity of slope at the boundary of condensate, which appears in the TF limit. We solve the BdG equations analytically and obtain explicit expressions for all eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, valid for various crossover regimes and for traps with spherical and axial symmetries. We discuss the feature of these collective excitations in the BCS-BEC crossover and show that the theoretical result obtained agrees with available experimental data near and beyond the TF limit.
The frequencies of the collective oscillations of a harmonically trapped Fermi gas interacting with large scattering lengths are calculated at zero temperature using hydrodynamic theory. Different regimes are considered, including the molecular Bose-Einstein condensate and the unitarity limit for collisions. We show that the frequency of the radial compressional mode in an elongated trap exhibits a pronounced non-monotonous dependence on the scattering length, reflecting the role of the interactions in the equation of state.