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arXiv:cond-mat/0410629 · Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Universality in the partially anisotropic three-dimensional Ising lattice

M. A. Yurishchev

Published Sep 1, 2004• 3 citations
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Abstract

Using transfer-matrix extended phenomenological renormalization-group methods, we study the critical properties of the spin-1/2 Ising model on a simple-cubic lattice with partly anisotropic coupling strengths $$\mathop J\limits^ \to = (J',J',J)$$ . The universality of both fundamental critical exponents y t and y h is confirmed. It is shown that the critical finite-size scaling amplitude ratios $$U = A_{\chi ^{(4)} } A_\kappa /A_\chi ^2 ,Y_1 = A_{\kappa ''} /A_\chi$$ , and $$Y_2 = A_{\kappa ^{(4)} } /A_{\chi ^{(4)} }$$ are independent of the lattice anisotropy parameter Δ=J′/J. For the Y 2 invariant of the three-dimensional Ising universality class, we give the first quantitative estimate Y 2≈2.013 (shape L×L×∞, periodic boundary conditions in both transverse directions).

DOI
10.1134/1.1809682

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Universality in the partially anisotropic three-dimensional Ising lattice

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Using transfer-matrix extended phenomenological renormalization-group methods the critical properties of spin-1/2 Ising model on a simple-cubic lattice with partly anisotropic coupling strengths J = (J ′,J ′,J) are studied. Universality of both fundamental critical exponents yt and yh is confirmed. It is shown that the critical finite-size scaling amplitude ratios U = A χ (4)Aκ/A 2 χ, Y1 = A κ ′′/Aχ, and Y2 = A κ (4)/A χ (4) are independent of the lattice anisotropy parameter ∆ = J ′ /J. By this for the last above invariant of the threedimensional Ising universality class we give the first quantitative estimate: Y2 ≃ 2.013 (shape L × L × ∞, periodic boundary conditions in both transverse directions). PACS numbers: 05.50.+q, 05.70.Jk, 64.60.Fr, 75.10.Hk 1 1

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Using transfer-matrix extended phenomenological renormalization-group methods, we study the critical properties of the spin-1/2 Ising model on a simple-cubic lattice with partly anisotropic coupling strengths J→=(J′,J′,J)\mathop J\limits^ \to = (J',J',J)J→​=(J′,J′,J) . The universality of both fundamental critical exponents y t and y h is confirmed. It is shown that the critical finite-size scaling amplitude ratios U=Aχ(4)Aκ/Aχ2,Y1=Aκ′′/AχU = A_{\chi ^{(4)} } A_\kappa /A_\chi ^2 ,Y_1 = A_{\kappa ''} /A_\chiU=Aχ(4)​Aκ​/Aχ2​,Y1​=Aκ′′​/Aχ​ , and Y2=Aκ(4)/Aχ(4)Y_2 = A_{\kappa ^{(4)} } /A_{\chi ^{(4)} }Y2​=Aκ(4)​/Aχ(4)​ are independent of the lattice anisotropy parameter Δ=J′/J. For the Y 2 invariant of the three-dimensional Ising universality class, we give the first quantitative estimate Y 2≈2.013 (shape L×L×∞, periodic boundary conditions in both transverse directions).
Using transfer-matrix extended phenomenological renormalization-group methods the critical properties of spin-1/2 Ising model on a simple-cubic lattice with partly anisotropic coupling strengths J = (J ′,J ′,J) are studied. Universality of both fundamental critical exponents yt and yh is confirmed. It is shown that the critical finite-size scaling amplitude ratios U = A χ (4)Aκ/A 2 χ, Y1 = A κ ′′/Aχ, and Y2 = A κ (4)/A χ (4) are independent of the lattice anisotropy parameter ∆ = J ′ /J. By this for the last above invariant of the threedimensional Ising universality class we give the first quantitative estimate: Y2 ≃ 2.013 (shape L × L × ∞, periodic boundary conditions in both transverse directions). PACS numbers: 05.50.+q, 05.70.Jk, 64.60.Fr, 75.10.Hk 1 1
Using transfer-matrix extended phenomenological renormalization-group methods [M.A.Yurishchev, Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.) 83-84, 727 (2000); hep-lat/9908019; J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 91, 332 (2000); cond-mat/0108002] the improved estimates for the critical temperature of spin-1/2 Ising model on a simple-cubic lattice with partly anisotropic coupling strengths J⃗=(J′,J′,J){\vec J}=(J',J',J)J=(J′,J′,J) are obtained. Universality of both fundamental critical exponents yty_tyt​ and yhy_hyh​ is confirmed. We show also that the critical finite-size scaling amplitude ratios Aχ(4)Aκ/Aχ2A_{χ^{(4)}}A_κ/A_χ^2Aχ(4)​Aκ​/Aχ2​, Aκ′′/AχA_{κ^{''}}/A_χAκ′′​/Aχ​, and Aκ(4)/Aχ(4)A_{κ^{(4)}}/A_{χ^{(4)}}Aκ(4)​/Aχ(4)​ are independent of the lattice anisotropy parameter Δ=J′/JΔ=J'/JΔ=J′/J.
A fully anisotropic simple-cubic Ising lattice in the geometry of periodic cylinders n\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}n\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\ensuremath{\infty} is investigated by the transfer-matrix finite-size-scaling method. In addition to the previously obtained critical amplitudes of the inverse correlation lengths and singular part of the free energy [M. A. Yurishchev, Phys. Rev. B 50, 13 533 (1994)], the amplitudes of the usual (``linear'') and nonlinear susceptibilities and the amplitude of the second derivative of the spin-spin inverse correlation length with respect to the external field are calculated. The behavior of critical amplitude combinations (which, in accordance with the Privman-Fisher equations, do not contain in their composition the nonuniversal metric coefficients and geometry prefactor) are studied as a function of the interaction anisotropy parameters. A universality domain for the amplitude ratios is found in the quasi-one-dimensional regime of interactions in the system. In the case of a fully isotropic three-dimensional Ising model for which the high precision values of the critical coupling and critical-point free energy are available, improved estimates are obtained for the following four universal quantities: (1) the amplitude of spin-spin inverse correlation length, (2) the amplitude of singular part of the free energy, (3) the ratio of the amplitude of a second derivative of the spin-spin inverse correlation length with respect to the external field to the usual susceptibility amplitude, and (4) the ratio of the nonlinear susceptibility amplitude to the square of the linear susceptibility amplitude (i.e., for the finite-size counterpart of the four-point renormalized coupling constant).
For the fully anisotropic simple-cubic Ising lattice, the critical finite-size scaling amplitudes of both the spin-spin and energy-energy inverse correlation lengths and the singular part of the reduced free-energy density are calculated by the transfer-matrix method and a finite-size scaling for cyclic L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\ensuremath{\infty} clusters with L=3 and 4. Analysis of the data obtained shows that the ratios and the directional geometric means of the above amplitudes are universal.
The coordinates of the critical points of spin-S Ising models with coupling constants J and J′ are calculated for 1/2 ≤ S ≤ 13/2. The calculations are performed for several values of S and Δ ≡ J′/J independently by using the phenomenological renormalization-group method or (approximate) self-duality. Numerical results combined with a mean-field analysis show that the critical coupling strength for Δ ∼ 1 (weakly anisotropic lattice) is K c () (Δ) = K c () (1)[1 + a(1 − Δ)], where a = (d − 1)/d is independent of S (d is the space dimension). Both free energy and internal energy are determined at the critical points. An extremum of the critical internal energy is found at Δ* ∈ (0, 1). The parameter Δ* can be used as a criterion that separates quasi-isotropic and quasi-one-dimensional regimes (Δ* < Δ ≤ 1 and Δ < Δ*, respectively). The finite-size scaling amplitudes A s and A e of the inverse spin-spin and energy-energy correlation lengths are estimated. Calculations show that the amplitudes A s and A e are independent of S within the accuracy of the adopted approximations. Moreover, their ratio A e/A s is independent of the anisotropy parameter Δ. These results support the Ising universality hypothesis.
We study a generalized Blume-Capel model on the simple cubic lattice. In addition to the nearest-neighbor coupling there is a next-to-next-to-nearest-neighbor coupling. In order to quantify spatial anisotropy, we determine the correlation length in the high-temperature phase of the model for three different spatial directions. It turns out that the spatial anisotropy depends very little on the dilution or crystal-field parameter DDD of the model and is essentially determined by the ratio of the nearest-neighbor and the next-to-next-to-nearest-neighbor coupling. This ratio is tuned such that the leading contribution to the spatial anisotropy is eliminated. Next we perform a finite-size scaling (FSS) study to tune DDD such that also the leading correction to scaling is eliminated. Based on this FSS study, we determine the critical exponents $\ensuremath{\nu}=0.629\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}98(5)$ and $\ensuremath{\eta}=0.0362\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}84(40)$, which are in nice agreement with the more accurate results obtained by using the conformal bootstrap method. Furthermore, we provide accurate results for fixed-point values of dimensionless quantities such as the Binder cumulant and for the critical couplings. These results provide the groundwork for broader studies of universal properties of the three-dimensional Ising universality class.