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arXiv:cond-mat/0311138 · Physical Review A

Raman amplification of matter waves

Dominik Schneble, Gretchen K. Campbell, Erik W. Streed, Micah Boyd, David E. Pritchard, Wolfgang Ketterle

Published Apr 14, 2004• 82 citations
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Abstract

We demonstrate a Raman amplifier for matter waves, where the amplified atoms and the gain medium are in two different hyperfine states. This amplifier is based on a form of superradiance that arises from self-stimulated Raman scattering in a Bose-Einstein condensate.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.69.041601

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Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. W. Streed, D. Schneble, G. K. Campbell, M. Boyd, D. E. Pritchard, and W. Ketterle, "Raman Superradiance and Matter Wave Amplification in Bose-Einstein Condensates," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper IMM1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 2004•0 citations
Phase-coherent matter-wave amplification was demonstrated using Bose- Einstein-condensed rubidium-87 atoms. A small seed matter wave was created with coherent optical Bragg diffraction. Amplification of this seed matter wave was achieved by using the initial condensate as a gain medium through the superradiance effect. The coherence properties of the amplified matter wave, studied with a matter-wave interferometer, were shown to be locked to those of the initial seed wave. The active matter-wave device demonstrated here has great potential in the fields of atom optics, atom lithography, and precision measurements.
Recent experiments have demonstrated superradiant Raman scattering from a Bose-Einstein condensate driven by a single off-resonant laser beam. We present a quantum theory describing this phenomenon, showing Raman amplification of matter wave due to collective atomic recoil from 3-level atoms in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-configuration. When atoms are initially in a single lower internal state, a closed two-level system is realized between atoms with different internal states, and entangled atom-photon pairs can be generated. When atoms are initially prepared in both the lower internal states, a fraction of atoms recoiling in the backward direction can be generated.
The interaction of short and strong laser pulses with an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate is found to generate patterns of recoiling atoms that are different from those seen in previous light-scattering experiments. This phenomenon can only be explained by optical stimulation, showing that the previous description of superradiance as atomic stimulation is incomplete and that matter-wave amplification in Bose-Einstein condensates is suppressed at short times. Our experiments clarify the nature of bosonic stimulation in the four-wave mixing of light and atoms.
We describe a matter-wave amplifier for vibrational ground-state molecules which uses a Feshbach resonance to first form quasibound molecules starting from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. The quasibound molecules are then driven into their stable vibrational ground state via a two-photon Raman transition inside an optical cavity. The transition from the quasibound state to the electronically excited state is driven by a classical field. Amplification of ground state molecules is then achieved by using a strongly damped cavity mode for the transition from the electronically excited molecules to the molecular ground state.
Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. W. Streed, D. Schneble, G. K. Campbell, M. Boyd, D. E. Pritchard, and W. Ketterle, "Raman Superradiance and Matter Wave Amplification in Bose-Einstein Condensates," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper IMM1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article