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Временная когерентность и вероятностная структура интенсивности случайных оптических излучений

Vitaly Ivanovich Khimenko

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
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Abstract

The main characteristics of optical radiation time coherence are investigated from the standpoint of the spectralcorrelation theory of random functions. The new research results of a «thin» probability structure of radiation intensity are presented.

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Dec 27, 1996•0 citations

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This paper presents a review of the main results of studies of the interaction of powerful laser radiation with atomic systems, carried out by the staff of the scientific school of A. M. Bonch-Bruevich in the period 1964-2003. The review reflects the development stages of the studies and the main achievements, as follows: The action of powerful monochromatic and noisy optical radiation fields on the energy structure and transition probabilities of atoms has been studied experimentally and theoretically; negative absorption has been obtained for the first time in two-level systems without population inversion; multiphoton parametric processes leading to a change of the angular and spectral characteristics of the radiation transmitted through the atmospheric medium have been investigated (the studies of four-wave mixing were pioneering in this case); distinctive nonlinear optical processes in systems of colliding atoms, in particular the phenomenon of "optical impact," were predicted and were observed for the first time; nonlinearity that caused bleaching of the medium without saturating it was detected in these systems; changes in the energy and spectral characteristics of atoms of the alkali metals when they interact with the surface of solids were detected; photodesorption of atoms from the surface was detected, and a phenomenological theory of this process was created; the quenching of excited atoms when they strike the surface of a solid was investigated, and the energy and kinetic characteristics of impacts of the second kind were measured; the phenomenon of photoatomic emission from metals under the action of optical radiation was detected, and the role of structural defects of the surface of metals in this process was pointed out. Results are presented for the developed and verified optical method of fluctuation microscopy, intended for measurements of the geometrical parameters of metallic island films of nanometer size.

Journal of Optical Technology•Dec 1, 2003•0 citations

Polarization of coherent optical radiation in moving medium

МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, В. О. Гладышев, Д. И. Портнов +5 more

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Особенности селективного отражения лазерного излучения высокой интенсивности с использованием рубидиевой наноячейки

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan

Исследован эффект селективного отражения (SR) лазерного излучения от границы паров атомов 87Rb D2-линии и диэлектрического окна при использовании наноячейки с толщиной столба паров ~300 нм. Продемонстрировано формирование SR, имеющего спектральную ширину 25 МГц и расположенного на атомном переходе. Это – рекордное сужение доплеровской ширины 670 МГц в 27 раз при использовании однопроходной геометрии. Сигнал SR достигает несколько процентов от интенсивности его формирующего излучения, и линейная зависимость амплитуды SR сохраняется вплоть до 100 мВт/см2, что почти на два порядка больше интенсивности насыщения оптических процессов при использовании ячеек с парами атомов сантиметровой длины. Такая большая величина интенсивности насыщения достигается благодаря использованию наноячейки. The effect of selective reflection (SR) of laser radiation from the boundary of 87Rb D2- line atomic vapors and a dielectric window was studied using a nano-cell (NC) with a vapor column thickness of ~300 nm. The formation of an SR with a spectral width of 25 MHz, located on atomic transitions is demonstrated. This is a record narrowing of the 670 MHz Doppler width by a factor of 27 using single-pass geometry. The SR signal reaches several % of the intensity of its forming radiation and the linear dependence of the SR amplitude is maintained up to 100 mW/cm2, which is almost two orders of magnitude greater than the saturation intensity of optical processes when using centimeter-long cells with atomic vapor. Such a high value of saturation intensity is achieved due to the use of the nanocell.

Proceedings of NAS RA Physics•Nov 5, 2024•0 citations

COHERENCE PROPERTIES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

WANG CHIH-CHIANG

摘要 本文的主要目的在综合评述近年来在光的相干性方面研究的成就。表明光子简并度和相干度等在有关问题中起重要作用,诸如干涉、拍频、强度起伏等。由于辐射过程的随机性质,拍频信号的强度由过程的相关度决定;由于光子是玻色子,这就决定了强度起伏中有相关项。从已有实验结果看来,光的相于性完全可从量子力学的基础概念得到解释。 Abstract In this paper, recent advances in the research of coherence properties of electromagnetic radiation are discussed. Using the conception of photon degeneracy and degree of coherence the author is able to explain many problems such as light mixing, intensity fluctuations and the properties of coherent light source. Since the occurrence of radiation process is at random, the intensity of the signal generated by the mixing of different sources can be determined by the correlation of radiation processes as derived in the present paper. Regarding photons as bosons, the phenomena "intensity interferense" is explained as quantum fluctuations. The coherence properties of radiation may thus be interpreted well on the basic conception of quantum machanics. 作者及机构信息 王之江 Authors and contacts WANG CHIH-CHIANG 参考文献 [1] 施引文献

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 1963•1 citation

Intrinsic and extrinsic statistical dependence in photoemission

G. J. Gabriel

Preliminary observations of a new effect in photoelectron statistics is reported. By utilizing an AND-gate system, the joint probability of emission of two photoelectrons from a photocathode at times ${t}_{1}$ and ${t}_{2}$ has been measured over a range of intervals, $\ensuremath{\tau}={t}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{t}_{1}$, lying between 4.0 and 50 nsec with a resolution $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\tau}$ at 1.0 nsec, under illumination with a single-mode He-Ne laser and a tungsten lamp. The joint probability of emission as a function of $\ensuremath{\tau}$, under both conditions of illumination, rises to a large peak in the neighborhood of $\ensuremath{\tau}=15$ nsec, and when $\ensuremath{\tau}$ exceeds 25 nsec, it drops rapidly to the constant value predicted by the classical theory of Mandel. In addition, there is a distinct fine structure which becomes more pronounced in the "dark" emission. Significantly, the amplitude of the peak varies linearly with the mean intensity of the incident light, while the constant value obtained at long intervals varies quadratically. To explain the observed phenomena, a generalization of the Mandel theory is formulated on the basis of the axiomatic theory of probability and the following hypotheses: (1) The emission of two photoelectrons separated by a time interval are statistically dependent events owing to intrinsic processes within the cathode as well as extrinsic processes of the radiation field; (2) If the instantaneous intensity of the radiation field is proportional to the square of the field amplitude, then the probability of emission is a function of this amplitude. Both hypotheses are found to be necessary to provide a base for interpreting the linear dependence of the joint probability peak on field intensity. Moreover, the generalized formulation reduces to Mandel's expressions when the following restrictions are imposed: The emission process is statistically independent; the probability of emission is proportional to the intensity of radiation, and the radiation field is a Gaussian random process.

Physical Review A•Feb 1, 1974•0 citations
This paper presents a review of the main results of studies of the interaction of powerful laser radiation with atomic systems, carried out by the staff of the scientific school of A. M. Bonch-Bruevich in the period 1964-2003. The review reflects the development stages of the studies and the main achievements, as follows: The action of powerful monochromatic and noisy optical radiation fields on the energy structure and transition probabilities of atoms has been studied experimentally and theoretically; negative absorption has been obtained for the first time in two-level systems without population inversion; multiphoton parametric processes leading to a change of the angular and spectral characteristics of the radiation transmitted through the atmospheric medium have been investigated (the studies of four-wave mixing were pioneering in this case); distinctive nonlinear optical processes in systems of colliding atoms, in particular the phenomenon of "optical impact," were predicted and were observed for the first time; nonlinearity that caused bleaching of the medium without saturating it was detected in these systems; changes in the energy and spectral characteristics of atoms of the alkali metals when they interact with the surface of solids were detected; photodesorption of atoms from the surface was detected, and a phenomenological theory of this process was created; the quenching of excited atoms when they strike the surface of a solid was investigated, and the energy and kinetic characteristics of impacts of the second kind were measured; the phenomenon of photoatomic emission from metals under the action of optical radiation was detected, and the role of structural defects of the surface of metals in this process was pointed out. Results are presented for the developed and verified optical method of fluctuation microscopy, intended for measurements of the geometrical parameters of metallic island films of nanometer size.
Исследован эффект селективного отражения (SR) лазерного излучения от границы паров атомов 87Rb D2-линии и диэлектрического окна при использовании наноячейки с толщиной столба паров ~300 нм. Продемонстрировано формирование SR, имеющего спектральную ширину 25 МГц и расположенного на атомном переходе. Это – рекордное сужение доплеровской ширины 670 МГц в 27 раз при использовании однопроходной геометрии. Сигнал SR достигает несколько процентов от интенсивности его формирующего излучения, и линейная зависимость амплитуды SR сохраняется вплоть до 100 мВт/см2, что почти на два порядка больше интенсивности насыщения оптических процессов при использовании ячеек с парами атомов сантиметровой длины. Такая большая величина интенсивности насыщения достигается благодаря использованию наноячейки. The effect of selective reflection (SR) of laser radiation from the boundary of 87Rb D2- line atomic vapors and a dielectric window was studied using a nano-cell (NC) with a vapor column thickness of ~300 nm. The formation of an SR with a spectral width of 25 MHz, located on atomic transitions is demonstrated. This is a record narrowing of the 670 MHz Doppler width by a factor of 27 using single-pass geometry. The SR signal reaches several % of the intensity of its forming radiation and the linear dependence of the SR amplitude is maintained up to 100 mW/cm2, which is almost two orders of magnitude greater than the saturation intensity of optical processes when using centimeter-long cells with atomic vapor. Such a high value of saturation intensity is achieved due to the use of the nanocell.
摘要 本文的主要目的在综合评述近年来在光的相干性方面研究的成就。表明光子简并度和相干度等在有关问题中起重要作用,诸如干涉、拍频、强度起伏等。由于辐射过程的随机性质,拍频信号的强度由过程的相关度决定;由于光子是玻色子,这就决定了强度起伏中有相关项。从已有实验结果看来,光的相于性完全可从量子力学的基础概念得到解释。 Abstract In this paper, recent advances in the research of coherence properties of electromagnetic radiation are discussed. Using the conception of photon degeneracy and degree of coherence the author is able to explain many problems such as light mixing, intensity fluctuations and the properties of coherent light source. Since the occurrence of radiation process is at random, the intensity of the signal generated by the mixing of different sources can be determined by the correlation of radiation processes as derived in the present paper. Regarding photons as bosons, the phenomena "intensity interferense" is explained as quantum fluctuations. The coherence properties of radiation may thus be interpreted well on the basic conception of quantum machanics. 作者及机构信息 王之江 Authors and contacts WANG CHIH-CHIANG 参考文献 [1] 施引文献
Preliminary observations of a new effect in photoelectron statistics is reported. By utilizing an AND-gate system, the joint probability of emission of two photoelectrons from a photocathode at times t1{t}_{1}t1​ and t2{t}_{2}t2​ has been measured over a range of intervals, $\ensuremath{\tau}={t}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{t}_{1}$, lying between 4.0 and 50 nsec with a resolution $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\tau}$ at 1.0 nsec, under illumination with a single-mode He-Ne laser and a tungsten lamp. The joint probability of emission as a function of $\ensuremath{\tau}$, under both conditions of illumination, rises to a large peak in the neighborhood of $\ensuremath{\tau}=15$ nsec, and when $\ensuremath{\tau}$ exceeds 25 nsec, it drops rapidly to the constant value predicted by the classical theory of Mandel. In addition, there is a distinct fine structure which becomes more pronounced in the "dark" emission. Significantly, the amplitude of the peak varies linearly with the mean intensity of the incident light, while the constant value obtained at long intervals varies quadratically. To explain the observed phenomena, a generalization of the Mandel theory is formulated on the basis of the axiomatic theory of probability and the following hypotheses: (1) The emission of two photoelectrons separated by a time interval are statistically dependent events owing to intrinsic processes within the cathode as well as extrinsic processes of the radiation field; (2) If the instantaneous intensity of the radiation field is proportional to the square of the field amplitude, then the probability of emission is a function of this amplitude. Both hypotheses are found to be necessary to provide a base for interpreting the linear dependence of the joint probability peak on field intensity. Moreover, the generalized formulation reduces to Mandel's expressions when the following restrictions are imposed: The emission process is statistically independent; the probability of emission is proportional to the intensity of radiation, and the radiation field is a Gaussian random process.