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Laser frequency stabilization to excited Rydberg transitions using electromagnetically induced transparency

Marcel.li Grimau Puigibert

Published Sep 10, 2012• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

[ANGLÈS] Rydberg atoms with principal quantum number n>>1 have extraordinary atomic properties including tunable long range dipole-dipole interactions that lead to the so called Rydberg blockade. Atoms excited to these particular levels have been shown to be excellent candidates to implement several quantum information tasks, from two-qubit gates to single photon sources. In this work, we demonstrate Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT) using Rydberg levels in a hot gas of rubidium atoms. We then use the EIT window as a reference to stabilize the frequency of the coupling laser.

Related papers

Estabilització en freqüència d'un làser a transicions de Rydberg utilitzant "Electromagnetically Induced Transparency"

Grimau Puigibert, Marcel·lí

[ANGLÈS] Rydberg atoms with principal quantum number n>>1 have extraordinary atomic properties including tunable long range dipole-dipole interactions that lead to the so called Rydberg blockade. Atoms excited to these particular levels have been shown to be excellent candidates to implement several quantum information tasks, from two-qubit gates to single photon sources. In this work, we demonstrate Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT) using Rydberg levels in a hot gas of rubidium atoms. We then use the EIT window as a reference to stabilize the frequency of the coupling laser.

•Sep 10, 2012•0 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency of Rydberg atoms in modulated laser fields

Yang Zhi-Wei, Jiao Yue-Chun, Xiaoxuan Han +2 more

Rydberg atoms, with large principal quantum number n, have been widely investigated in recent years due to their peculiar properties, such as big sizes, long lifetimes and strong interactions with fields and other Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms are very sensitive to external fields due to their large polarizabilities scaling as n7.These make Rydberg atoms an ideal candidate for the quantum information, the many-body interaction, etc.In this work, we investigate the Rydberg atoms using electromagneticlly induced transparency (EIT) in a ladder three-level system. The EIT is a quantum interference effect between two excitation path-ways driven by two laser fields. The main idea is performed in a room temperature cesium vapor cell, where the probe laser frequency is modulated. The ground state (6P1/2), excited state (6P3/2), and Rydberg state (nS1/2) constitute a Rydberg three-level system, in which the probe laser is fixed to the 6S1/2 (F = 4)6P3/2 (F = 5) transition by saturated absorption spectrum technique, whereas the coupling laser is scanned across the 6P3/249S1/2 transition. We detect the demodulated EIT signal with the lock-in amplifier (SR830). The modulated EIT signal shows a two-peak structure. The measured spacing between two peaks increases with the frequency detuning, caused by the modulation amplitude, and half the spacing between the peak-to-peak is nearly 1.67 times the modulation amplitude of the probe laser; the measured result shows that the splitting is independent of the modulation frequency. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical calculations. The results in our work can be used for real-time monitoring of the laser-line profiles and the fluctuation of laser frequency.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2016•2 citations

Stabilizing two-photon frequency to reduce the decoherence rate of Rydberg-state electromagnetically induced transparency

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Two-photon frequency stabilization is a critical step for experiments related to the Rydberg-state electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect, as it exploits both the high optical nonlinearity of the EIT effect and the strong electric dipole-dipole interaction among Rydberg-state atoms. Fluctuations in the two-photon frequency cause decoherence in the Rydberg-EIT system, degrading its optical nonlinearity. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a counterintuitive method to enhance the stability of the two-photon frequency of probe and coupling using atomic transitions. This method leverages increased probe power or intensity beyond the power broadening threshold. This improvement in the two-photon frequency stability consequently reduces the decoherence rate of Rydberg-EIT in laser-cooled atoms. By employing the double-resonance scheme with a moderate 480-nm coupling power of 64 mW or a Rabi frequency of $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4.1$ MHz, the resulting fluctuation of the two-photon frequency lock was 170 kHz at an optimum 780 nm probe Rabi frequency of $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}15.6$ MHz. Concurrently, the observed frequency fluctuation-induced decoherence rate was $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}12$ kHz at a moderate coupling Rabi frequency of $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4.8$ MHz for the Rydberg-EIT transition with cold atoms. This work represents a pivotal advancement, as it furnishes sufficient stability in the two-photon frequency to meet the demands of most Rydberg-EIT applications.

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Rydberg atoms possess highly excited valence electrons that are far away from atomic cations. Compared with ground states, Rydberg states are excited states with a high principal quantum number n that exhibit large electric dipole moments and have a variety of applications in quantum information processing. In this communication, we report the measurement of the 6Li Rydberg excitation spectrum by ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a vapor cell. The 2p→ns/nd EIT spectra were recorded by sweeping the frequency of an ultraviolet Rydberg pumping laser while keeping the probing laser resonant to the 2s→2p transition. All lasers were locked on an ultrastable optical Fabry-Pérot cavity and measured by an optical frequency comb. Our results provide valuable information to precisely determine quantum defects and enable novel experiments with Rydberg-dressed ultracold Fermi gases.

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Electromagnetically Induced Transparency In Rydberg Atomic Medium

Li Deng, Cong Lu, Aixi Chen

Due to possessing big principal quantum number, Rydberg atom has some unique properties, for example: its radiative lifetime is long, dipole moment is large, and interaction between atoms is strong and so on. These properties make one pay attention to Rydberg atoms. In this paper we investigate the effects of Rydberg dipole-dipole interactions on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) schemes and group velocity in three-level systems of ladder type, which provides theoretical foundation for exploring the linear and nonlinear characteristics of light in a Rydberg electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium.

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering•Mar 1, 2018•2 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency and fluorescence in blockaded Rydberg atomic system

Cheng Li, Huaibin Zheng, Zhaoyang Zhang +4 more

We investigate the interaction between dark states and Rydberg excitation blockade by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), fluorescence, and four-wave mixing (FWM) signals both theoretically and experimentally. By scanning the frequency detunings of the probe and dressing fields, respectively, we first observe these signals (three coexisting EIT windows, two fluorescence signals, and two FWM signals) under Rydberg excitation blockade. Next, frequency detuning dependences of these signals are obtained, in which the modulated results are well explained by introducing the dressing effects (leading to the dark states) with the corrected factor of the Rydberg excitation blockade. In addition, the variations by changing the principal quantum number n of Rydberg state shown some interesting phenomena resulting from Rydberg blockade are observed. The unique nature of such blockaded signals can have potential application in the demonstration of quantum computing.

The Journal of Chemical Physics•Oct 28, 2013•9 citations
[ANGLÈS] Rydberg atoms with principal quantum number n>>1 have extraordinary atomic properties including tunable long range dipole-dipole interactions that lead to the so called Rydberg blockade. Atoms excited to these particular levels have been shown to be excellent candidates to implement several quantum information tasks, from two-qubit gates to single photon sources. In this work, we demonstrate Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT) using Rydberg levels in a hot gas of rubidium atoms. We then use the EIT window as a reference to stabilize the frequency of the coupling laser.
[ANGLÈS] Rydberg atoms with principal quantum number n>>1 have extraordinary atomic properties including tunable long range dipole-dipole interactions that lead to the so called Rydberg blockade. Atoms excited to these particular levels have been shown to be excellent candidates to implement several quantum information tasks, from two-qubit gates to single photon sources. In this work, we demonstrate Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT) using Rydberg levels in a hot gas of rubidium atoms. We then use the EIT window as a reference to stabilize the frequency of the coupling laser.
Rydberg atoms, with large principal quantum number n, have been widely investigated in recent years due to their peculiar properties, such as big sizes, long lifetimes and strong interactions with fields and other Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms are very sensitive to external fields due to their large polarizabilities scaling as n7.These make Rydberg atoms an ideal candidate for the quantum information, the many-body interaction, etc.In this work, we investigate the Rydberg atoms using electromagneticlly induced transparency (EIT) in a ladder three-level system. The EIT is a quantum interference effect between two excitation path-ways driven by two laser fields. The main idea is performed in a room temperature cesium vapor cell, where the probe laser frequency is modulated. The ground state (6P1/2), excited state (6P3/2), and Rydberg state (nS1/2) constitute a Rydberg three-level system, in which the probe laser is fixed to the 6S1/2 (F = 4)6P3/2 (F = 5) transition by saturated absorption spectrum technique, whereas the coupling laser is scanned across the 6P3/249S1/2 transition. We detect the demodulated EIT signal with the lock-in amplifier (SR830). The modulated EIT signal shows a two-peak structure. The measured spacing between two peaks increases with the frequency detuning, caused by the modulation amplitude, and half the spacing between the peak-to-peak is nearly 1.67 times the modulation amplitude of the probe laser; the measured result shows that the splitting is independent of the modulation frequency. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical calculations. The results in our work can be used for real-time monitoring of the laser-line profiles and the fluctuation of laser frequency.
Two-photon frequency stabilization is a critical step for experiments related to the Rydberg-state electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect, as it exploits both the high optical nonlinearity of the EIT effect and the strong electric dipole-dipole interaction among Rydberg-state atoms. Fluctuations in the two-photon frequency cause decoherence in the Rydberg-EIT system, degrading its optical nonlinearity. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a counterintuitive method to enhance the stability of the two-photon frequency of probe and coupling using atomic transitions. This method leverages increased probe power or intensity beyond the power broadening threshold. This improvement in the two-photon frequency stability consequently reduces the decoherence rate of Rydberg-EIT in laser-cooled atoms. By employing the double-resonance scheme with a moderate 480-nm coupling power of 64 mW or a Rabi frequency of $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4.1$ MHz, the resulting fluctuation of the two-photon frequency lock was 170 kHz at an optimum 780 nm probe Rabi frequency of $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}15.6$ MHz. Concurrently, the observed frequency fluctuation-induced decoherence rate was $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}12$ kHz at a moderate coupling Rabi frequency of $2\ensuremath{\pi}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4.8$ MHz for the Rydberg-EIT transition with cold atoms. This work represents a pivotal advancement, as it furnishes sufficient stability in the two-photon frequency to meet the demands of most Rydberg-EIT applications.
Rydberg atoms possess highly excited valence electrons that are far away from atomic cations. Compared with ground states, Rydberg states are excited states with a high principal quantum number n that exhibit large electric dipole moments and have a variety of applications in quantum information processing. In this communication, we report the measurement of the 6Li Rydberg excitation spectrum by ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a vapor cell. The 2p→ns/nd EIT spectra were recorded by sweeping the frequency of an ultraviolet Rydberg pumping laser while keeping the probing laser resonant to the 2s→2p transition. All lasers were locked on an ultrastable optical Fabry-Pérot cavity and measured by an optical frequency comb. Our results provide valuable information to precisely determine quantum defects and enable novel experiments with Rydberg-dressed ultracold Fermi gases.
Due to possessing big principal quantum number, Rydberg atom has some unique properties, for example: its radiative lifetime is long, dipole moment is large, and interaction between atoms is strong and so on. These properties make one pay attention to Rydberg atoms. In this paper we investigate the effects of Rydberg dipole-dipole interactions on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) schemes and group velocity in three-level systems of ladder type, which provides theoretical foundation for exploring the linear and nonlinear characteristics of light in a Rydberg electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium.
We investigate the interaction between dark states and Rydberg excitation blockade by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), fluorescence, and four-wave mixing (FWM) signals both theoretically and experimentally. By scanning the frequency detunings of the probe and dressing fields, respectively, we first observe these signals (three coexisting EIT windows, two fluorescence signals, and two FWM signals) under Rydberg excitation blockade. Next, frequency detuning dependences of these signals are obtained, in which the modulated results are well explained by introducing the dressing effects (leading to the dark states) with the corrected factor of the Rydberg excitation blockade. In addition, the variations by changing the principal quantum number n of Rydberg state shown some interesting phenomena resulting from Rydberg blockade are observed. The unique nature of such blockaded signals can have potential application in the demonstration of quantum computing.