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Journal of Superconductivity

Coupling of Josephson Radiation to Voltage Standard Arrays

Matteo Cirillo, F. Mueller, J. Niemeyer, R. Pöpel

Published Oct 1, 1999• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1023/a:1007791700551

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A high temperature superconducting YBa2Cu3Oy array of five Josephson junctions designed with additional coupling lines has been developed to demonstrate the effects of frequency locking and impedance matching for applications such as oscillators, mixers, and detectors. The Josephson self-radiation power was directly detected by a superheterodyne receiver, and Shapiro steps were also measured. The Josephson self-radiation properties reveal good quality of phase locking and microwave coupling with external circuits. The maximum self-radiation power of our array is about 50 pW which is several ten times higher than that of a single Josephson junction, and its peak point exactly satisfies the Josephson current-voltage relation. The Shapiro-step measurements show that the behavior of current-voltage curve depends on the effective inductance of coupling lines which affects the total impedance of Josephson junction array and microwave coupling. The Josephson oscillation frequency was obtained up to about 880 GHz which is 73% of the maximum available frequency calculated from the characteristic voltage of the Josephson junctions. Experimental results show that this type of Josephson junction array can improve the Josephson self-radiation power and increase the maximum detectable frequency.
Josephson junction arrays could be competitive candidates for radiation sources in the frequency range from 0.5 to 1.5 THz. This is the range where compact solid-state continuous wave sources are most lacking. We investigated the millimeter-wave radiation from arrays of high-temperature superconductor bicrystal Josephson junctions embedded in a quasi-optical resonator. The novel approach of utilizing the intrinsic resonance modes of the substrate to improve the impedance coupling between the series array of discrete Josephson junctions and the quasi-optical resonator was investigated by experiments and electromagnetic field simulations. Radiation from the arrays containing up to 536 junctions was detected at about 80 GHz and liquid nitrogen temperature using a low-noise receiver. The detected maximum radiation power of the arrays was about 50 pW and the peak voltage agreed exactly with the Josephson current–voltage relation.
Frequency-locked and microwave-coupled arrays of high- superconducting Josephson junctions have been developed. The Josephson junctions were prepared on bicrystal MgO substrates using a pulsed laser ablation method. The maximum detected power of Josephson self-radiation, which is directly detected by a superheterodyne receiver with a central frequency of 22 GHz, from the arrays was enhanced with increasing number of Josephson junctions. The Josephson self-radiation properties of the arrays revealed a good quality of frequency locking and exactly satisfied the Josephson voltage-frequency relationship. A narrower linewidth of the Josephson self-radiation was obtained by increasing the number of Josephson junctions in the array.