Frequency-pulling effects in Josephson radiation

B. T. Ulrich

B. T. Ulrich

Marlan O. Scully, Patrick A. Lee

Using techniques developed in the quantum theory of the laser, we show that the frequency of the radiation emitted from a superconducting tunnel junction may be pulled slightly from $\frac{2eV}{\ensuremath{\hbar}}$ and present a physical discussion and numerical estimate of the effect.

D. E. McCumber

Contrary to recent suggestions, cavity detuning per se does not modify the Josephson relation ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{J}(V)=2e\frac{V}{\ensuremath{\hbar}}$, although it can produce measurable differences between the electrostatic and electrochemical potentials in a Josephson junction.

Michael J. Stephen

A quantum mechanical theory of superconducting tunnel junctions including noise is developed. The theory is applied to the calculation of the frequency pulling, linewidth of the radiation, and voltage power spectrum in the ac Josephson effect.

Daniel N. Rogovin, Marlan O. Scully, Patrick A. Lee