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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

State-sensitive detection of a spin-polarized cesium atomic beam

Bernardo Jaduszliwer, Y. C. Chan

Published May 1, 1993• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The ground state magnetic sublevel populations of a cesium atomic beam have been measured by laser-induced fluorescence in a 430 G magnetic field. The detected induced fluorescence spectrum is in excellent agreement with calculation. After preparing the beam in the F=4, M=-4 state by optical pumping with diode lasers, this novel detection technique was used to measure a 93% spin polarization of the atomic beam. We have also demonstrated the use of this technique to detect changes in atomic spin after collisions with electrons.

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•Jun 5, 2014•20 citations
The ground state magnetic sublevel populations of a cesium atomic beam have been measured by laser-induced fluorescence in a 430 G magnetic field. The detected induced fluorescence spectrum is in excellent agreement with calculation. After preparing the beam in the F=4, M=-4 state by optical pumping with diode lasers, this novel detection technique was used to measure a 93% spin polarization of the atomic beam. We have also demonstrated the use of this technique to detect changes in atomic spin after collisions with electrons.
A cesium atomic beam having a high degree of polarization is prepared by optical pumping with two circularly polarized diode lasers, and a technique for state-sensitive atomic detection involving laser-induced fluorescence in a magnetic field (LIFB) is introduced. An atomic-beam polarization of 93% is measured using the LIFB technique, and the combined use of optical-state preparation and LIFB detection in an atomic-recoil experiment to study spin-changing electron-atom collisions is demonstrated.
A cesium atomic beam having a high degree of polarization is prepared by optical pumping with two circularly polarized diode lasers, and a technique for state-sensitive atomic detection involving laser-induced fluorescence in a magnetic field (LIFB) is introduced. An atomic-beam polarization of 93% is measured using the LIFB technique, and the combined use of optical-state preparation and LIFB detection in an atomic-recoil experiment to study spin-changing electron-atom collisions is demonstrated.
Abstract A practical method to measure the spin polarization of optically pumped alkali atoms is demonstrated. In order to realize transverse measurement, the transverse spin component of spin-polarized alkali atoms is created by a rotating exciting magnetic field, and detected using the optical rotation of a near-resonant probe beam for realizing a high detection sensitivity. The dependency of the optical rotation on the spin polarization of 133 Cs atoms is derived theoretically and verified experimentally. By changing the direction of the rotating magnetic field, we realize the transverse measurement of the spin polarization of 133 Cs atoms in either ground-state hyperfine level.
A cesium atomic magnetometer based on laser-pumped rf resonance has been investigated and demonstrated experimentally. Atoms are polarized and pumped to dark states by circularly polarized light. When there exists a magnetic field, the corresponding magnetization will be precessing around the magnetic field at Larmor frequency. By means of adding a resonant rf magnetic field, the atoms will be depolarized and absorb photons again. By detecting the spectrum of the transmitted light, one can obtain the information about the external magnetic field. We build an 894nm external cavity diode laser with a frequency stabilization device, and a low noise magnetic field measurement environment. After the optimization of the magnetometer parameter and closed-loop measurement, an ultimate sensitivity of 19 fT/Hz1/2 and an intrinsic sensitivity of 1.8 pT/Hz1/2 have been achieved with the spatial resolution smaller than 2 cm.
We demonstrate a simple, all-optical technique to prepare and determine the desired internal quantum states in multi-Zeeman-sublevel atoms. By choosing appropriate coupling and pumping laser beams, atoms can be easily prepared in a desired Zeeman sublevel with high purity or in any chosen ground-state population distributions (spin-polarized quantum-state engineering). The population distributions or state purities of such prepared atomic states can be determined by using a weak, circularly polarized probe beam due to differences in transition strengths among different Zeeman sublevels. This technique will have potential impact on quantum-information processing in multilevel atomic systems.
We describe our approach to atomic magnetometry based on the push-pull optical pumping technique. Cesium vapor is pumped and probed by a resonant laser beam whose circular polarization is modulated synchronously with the spin evolution dynamics induced by a static magnetic field. The magnetometer is operated in a phase-locked loop, and it has an intrinsic sensitivity below 20fT/Hz, using a room temperature paraffin-coated cell. We use the magnetometer to monitor magnetic field fluctuations with a sensitivity of 300fT/Hz.