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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Parametric-interference control of single- and two-photon blockade in a Jaynes–Cummings system

Hongyu Lin, Xiaoqian Wang, Feng Gao, Jiacheng Chu, Xun Chen

Published Oct 5, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Following the coupling-spanning resonance-and-interference construction introduced by Zhou et al , we use ‘universal’ only in this inherited finite-coupling sense. Here we show that the complex amplitude of a parametric drive provides direct control of this interference in a coherently driven Jaynes–Cummings (JC) system. In the weak-driving limit, imposing C 2 g = 0 on the lossless one-excitation reference line gives an analytical pump condition Λ 1 . Over 0.05 ⩽ g / κ ⩽ 8 , the full steady states satisfy the adopted 1PB photon-statistics characterization. The required pump remains finite as g → 0 , but the exactly decoupled cavity is Gaussian and serves only as a Gaussian-interference antibunching reference, not as JC photon blockade. At the two-excitation reference resonance, imposing C 3 g = 0 while retaining C 2 g ≠ 0 gives a second analytical pump condition. Full steady-state master-equation calculations, including photon-number probabilities, identify finite parameter regions satisfying both the correlation and equal-mean Poisson criteria for two-photon blockade (2PB). A matched-Gaussian diagnostic shows that the weak-coupling end remains nearly Gaussian, whereas at stronger coupling the matched Gaussian state no longer reproduces the full g ( 2 ) ( 0 ) . For fixed system and coherent-drive parameters, the two pump values Λ 1 and Λ 2 select steady states with 1PB and 2PB statistics. The fixed-parameter 2PB endpoint has a small two-photon probability and is not a brightness-optimized photon-pair source; at a vacuum-input extraction port, normalized output correlations equal the intracavity values.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/aeb056

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Abstract Following the coupling-spanning resonance-and-interference construction introduced by Zhou et al , we use ‘universal’ only in this inherited finite-coupling sense. Here we show that the complex amplitude of a parametric drive provides direct control of this interference in a coherently driven Jaynes–Cummings (JC) system. In the weak-driving limit, imposing C 2 g = 0 on the lossless one-excitation reference line gives an analytical pump condition Λ 1 . Over 0.05 ⩽ g / κ ⩽ 8 , the full steady states satisfy the adopted 1PB photon-statistics characterization. The required pump remains finite as g → 0 , but the exactly decoupled cavity is Gaussian and serves only as a Gaussian-interference antibunching reference, not as JC photon blockade. At the two-excitation reference resonance, imposing C 3 g = 0 while retaining C 2 g ≠ 0 gives a second analytical pump condition. Full steady-state master-equation calculations, including photon-number probabilities, identify finite parameter regions satisfying both the correlation and equal-mean Poisson criteria for two-photon blockade (2PB). A matched-Gaussian diagnostic shows that the weak-coupling end remains nearly Gaussian, whereas at stronger coupling the matched Gaussian state no longer reproduces the full g ( 2 ) ( 0 ) . For fixed system and coherent-drive parameters, the two pump values Λ 1 and Λ 2 select steady states with 1PB and 2PB statistics. The fixed-parameter 2PB endpoint has a small two-photon probability and is not a brightness-optimized photon-pair source; at a vacuum-input extraction port, normalized output correlations equal the intracavity values.
We explore a method for achieving photon blockade (PB) through a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model that includes both cavity and atom drivings. Analytical expressions for the steady state are derived to calculate photon-number distribution and correlation functions. Based on this analysis, we establish the theoretical conditions required for generating PB by controlling both drivings and propose a scheme to identify conventional photon blockade (CPB) and unconventional photon blockade (UPB) by analyzing the second- and third-order correlation functions. We validate our findings through numerical simulations conducted in an artificial atom system. We discuss two cases, one in which the transition frequency of the two-level atom is in two-photon resonance with the cavity frequency and the other in which it is off-resonance. We observe a significant interplay between CPB and UPB effects in the resonant case. In the off-resonance case, we demonstrate that UPB can be achieved by manipulating the strengths of atom driving and cavity driving to satisfy a specific relationship while meeting the requirements for optimal detuning relations. This work provides essential insights into controlling the PB effect using the two-photon JC model with both the atom and cavity drivings.
High-purity and bright single-photon sources are important for quantum information processing and precision measurement. We propose a collectively enhanced universal photon-blockade scheme in a multi-emitter two-photon Tavis--Cummings system. Independent coherent drives of the cavity and collective emitter enable destructive interference between two-photon excitation pathways, while collective coupling supplies level anharmonicity. Full-quantum master-equation simulations, the Holstein--Primakoff approximation, and a non-Hermitian probability-amplitude analysis yield the optimal conditions: cavity resonance together with phase and amplitude matching. Compared with a purely collective blockade, the proposed scheme lowers g(2)(0)g^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0), and essentially preserves the single-photon population. As the emitter number NNN increases, the optimal point remains at Δc=0Δ_c=0Δc​=0, while the minimum correlation follows gmin⁡(2)(0)∝N−2g_{\min}^{(2)}(0)\propto N^{-2}gmin(2)​(0)∝N−2. By contrast, unconventional photon blockade shifts away from resonance as NNN increases, limiting its purity improvement and brightness. In the weak-drive regime, universal blockade obeys g(2)(0)∝εa2g^{(2)}(0)\propto\varepsilon_a^2g(2)(0)∝εa2​, owing to a higher-order bypass through the three-excitation manifold. The drive strength therefore provides an additional purity--brightness control, although the interference mechanism makes the scheme more sensitive to dissipation-rate mismatch. Our results establish a scalable route to bright, high-purity, and tunable single-photon emission in multi-emitter cavity-QED systems.
In a two-frequency cavity driving and atom driving atom-cavity system, we find the photon blockade effect. In a truncated eigenstates space, we calculate the zero-delay second-order correlation function of the cavity mode analytically and obtain an optimal condition for the photon blockade. By including three transition pathways, we find that higher excitations of the cavity mode can be further suppressed and the zero-delay second-order correlation function can be reduced additionally. Based on the master equation, we simulate the system evolution and find that the analytical solutions match well with the numerical results. Our scheme is robust with small fluctuations of parameters and may be used as a new type of single photon source.
This work investigates photon blockade control in a hybrid quantum system containing a Kerr-nonlinear cavity coupled to an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). The dynamics are governed by a master equation derived from an effective Hamiltonian that includes cavity decay. To obtain analytical solutions, the system's quantum state is expanded in the Fock basis up to the two-photon level. Solving the steady-state Schrodinger equation yields probability amplitudes and the analytical conditions for optimal photon blockade. Results confirm that photon blockade is achievable with suitable parameters. Excellent agreement is found between the analytical solutions and numerical simulations for the steady-state, equal-time second-order correlation function, validating both the analytical method and the blockade effect. Numerically, the average intracavity photon number increases significantly under resonance, providing a theoretical pathway for enhancing single-photon source brightness. Furthermore, the driving phase is shown to regulate the optimal blockade region: it shifts the parabolic region within the two-dimensional parameter space of driving strength and OPA nonlinearity and can even reverse its opening direction. The influence of Kerr nonlinearity is also examined. Photon blockade remains robust across a wide range of Kerr strengths. Physical analysis attributes the effect to destructive quantum interference between two distinct excitation pathways that suppress two-photon states. While Kerr nonlinearity shifts the system's energy levels, it does not disrupt this interference mechanism, explaining the effect's stability over a broad parameter range.
Abstract We have investigated the unconventional photon blockade (UPB) in a hybrid system consisting of a Jaynes–Cummings model nonlinearly coupled with two other modes via a three-wave mixing interaction, operating in the weak coupling regime (compared with the decay rates of the system). We present both analytical and numerical results, obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation and the quantum master equation, respectively. The results show that the numerical simulations agree well with the analytical predictions and that the UPB effect would occur in this hybrid system both in the cavity-driven and atom-driven conditions. Under both driving conditions, the hybrid system could exhibit superior performance over the Jaynes–Cummings model under the same driving condition, i.e. achieve a stronger photon blockade effect. The influences of driving strength and coupling coefficient on photon blockade effect have also been discussed. Our finding may have potential applications in single-photon sources design.
Photon blockade produces antibunched light, but a source also needs a defined output port, nonzero extractable flux, and experimentally accessible controls. We analyze an atom-assisted three-wave-mixing cavity where the driven target mode is monitored directly as the output. A two-level emitter and an auxiliary pair-exchange channel provide coherent paths to the same target-mode Fock states, with their interference controlled by η = (Ω/ F a ) e i Δ ϕ . In the weak-drive limit, canceling the target two-photon amplitude gives high-purity single-photon blockade (1PB), whereas canceling the target three-photon amplitude gives pair-enhanced two-photon blockade (2PB). Full Lindblad calculations yield g a (2) (0)∼10 −4 and P 1 /(1 − P 0 ) > 0.99 over R / κ a = 0.2–5. A representative 2PB point has g a (2) (0)=1.91, g a (3) (0)=1.26×10 −3 , and P n ≥3 / P 2 = 7.55 × 10 −8 . At fixed | η |, changing only the relative phase switches the output from a single-photon-dominated endpoint to a pair-enhanced 2PB endpoint within a few cavity lifetimes. The optimized states remain weakly populated, so the scheme favors purity and reconfigurability over high flux.