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Physical Review A

Exploring photon blockade in a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model with atom and cavity drivings

Hai-Ji Li, Li‐Bao Fan, Shan Ma, Jie‐Qiao Liao, Chuan‐Cun Shu

Published Oct 8, 2024• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We explore a method for achieving photon blockade (PB) through a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model that includes both cavity and atom drivings. Analytical expressions for the steady state are derived to calculate photon-number distribution and correlation functions. Based on this analysis, we establish the theoretical conditions required for generating PB by controlling both drivings and propose a scheme to identify conventional photon blockade (CPB) and unconventional photon blockade (UPB) by analyzing the second- and third-order correlation functions. We validate our findings through numerical simulations conducted in an artificial atom system. We discuss two cases, one in which the transition frequency of the two-level atom is in two-photon resonance with the cavity frequency and the other in which it is off-resonance. We observe a significant interplay between CPB and UPB effects in the resonant case. In the off-resonance case, we demonstrate that UPB can be achieved by manipulating the strengths of atom driving and cavity driving to satisfy a specific relationship while meeting the requirements for optimal detuning relations. This work provides essential insights into controlling the PB effect using the two-photon JC model with both the atom and cavity drivings.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.110.043707

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We explore a method for achieving photon blockade (PB) through a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model that includes both cavity and atom drivings. Analytical expressions for the steady state are derived to calculate photon-number distribution and correlation functions. Based on this analysis, we establish the theoretical conditions required for generating PB by controlling both drivings and propose a scheme to identify conventional photon blockade (CPB) and unconventional photon blockade (UPB) by analyzing the second- and third-order correlation functions. We validate our findings through numerical simulations conducted in an artificial atom system. We discuss two cases, one in which the transition frequency of the two-level atom is in two-photon resonance with the cavity frequency and the other in which it is off-resonance. We observe a significant interplay between CPB and UPB effects in the resonant case. In the off-resonance case, we demonstrate that UPB can be achieved by manipulating the strengths of atom driving and cavity driving to satisfy a specific relationship while meeting the requirements for optimal detuning relations. This work provides essential insights into controlling the PB effect using the two-photon JC model with both the atom and cavity drivings.
In a two-frequency cavity driving and atom driving atom-cavity system, we find the photon blockade effect. In a truncated eigenstates space, we calculate the zero-delay second-order correlation function of the cavity mode analytically and obtain an optimal condition for the photon blockade. By including three transition pathways, we find that higher excitations of the cavity mode can be further suppressed and the zero-delay second-order correlation function can be reduced additionally. Based on the master equation, we simulate the system evolution and find that the analytical solutions match well with the numerical results. Our scheme is robust with small fluctuations of parameters and may be used as a new type of single photon source.
Abstract We have investigated the unconventional photon blockade (UPB) in a hybrid system consisting of a Jaynes–Cummings model nonlinearly coupled with two other modes via a three-wave mixing interaction, operating in the weak coupling regime (compared with the decay rates of the system). We present both analytical and numerical results, obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation and the quantum master equation, respectively. The results show that the numerical simulations agree well with the analytical predictions and that the UPB effect would occur in this hybrid system both in the cavity-driven and atom-driven conditions. Under both driving conditions, the hybrid system could exhibit superior performance over the Jaynes–Cummings model under the same driving condition, i.e. achieve a stronger photon blockade effect. The influences of driving strength and coupling coefficient on photon blockade effect have also been discussed. Our finding may have potential applications in single-photon sources design.
We propose a reliable scheme to recover the conventional photon blockade effect in the dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model, which describes a two-level atom coupled to a single-mode cavity field in the large-detuning regime. This is achieved by introducing a transversal driving to the atom and then photonic nonlinearity is obtained. The eigenenergy spectrum of the system is derived analytically and the photon blockade effect is confirmed by numerically calculating the photon-number distributions and equal-time second-order correlation function of the cavity field in the presence of system dissipations. We find that the conventional photon blockade effect can be recovered at proper atomic and cavity-field drivings. This work will provide a method to generate the conventional photon blockade effect in the dispersively coupled quantum optical systems.
Abstract Quantum information processing, a key component of quantum information science, has attracted considerable attention. Its realization requires physical platforms and resources, among which optical systems and single-photon sources based on photon blockade (PB) have been widely employed. Here we investigate PB behaviors in a coupled optical cavity system driven by both single- and two-photon fields. The optimal conditions for PB are obtained with respect to the two-photon driving strength and cavity-laser detuning via analytical calculations. Using these optimal solutions, we show that a significant PB effect is achievable even with weak Kerr nonlinearity, and confirm that this behavior corresponds to unconventional PB (UPB) through a comparison of the second- and third-order correlation functions. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that UPB can be enhanced by two-photon dissipation. These results provide theoretical strategies for enhancing UPB, and offer insight into its fundamental mechanism.
We study multiphoton blockade and photon-induced tunneling effects in the two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model, where a single-mode cavity field and a two-level atom are coupled via a two-photon interaction. We consider both the cavity-field-driving and the atom-driving cases and find that single-photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling effects can be observed when the cavity mode is driven, while the two-photon blockade effect appears when the atom is driven. For the atom-driving case (the two-photon transition process), we present a criterion of the correlation functions for the multiphoton blockade effect. Specifically, we show that quantum interference can enhance the photon blockade effect in the single-photon cavity-field-driving case. Our results are confirmed by analytically and numerically calculating the correlation function of the cavity-field mode. Our work has potential applications in quantum information processing and paves the way for the study of multiphoton quantum coherent devices.
Photon blockade is a phenomenon where the presence of system nonlinearity causes the output to consist of single photons, which has been extensively studied in point atom systems, but it is barely explored in giant atom ones. In this paper, we propose giant atom-mediated photon blockade scheme based on two cavities and three cavities systems with driving field applied to the first cavity. We show that simultaneous unconventional photon blockades (UPBs) can not occur in the point atom system (the atom coupling only to the leftmost cavity) due to there always existing a cavity to have a single path. In contrast, the spatially extended nature of giant atom enables coupling to multiple cavities and allows for the introduction of a phase and coupling strength. Consequently, simultaneous UPBs in multiple cavities can be obtained due to the multipath destructive interference. Moreover, by manipulating the detuning, we observe simultaneous conventional photon blockades (CPBs) in multiple cavities. Finally, we study simultaneous two-photon blockades (2PBs) in point atom multiple cavities system.